YANG Yuanyuan,ZHANG Wubin,JIANG Liyuan,et al.Effects of Planting Spacing and Pruning Pattern on Growth and Yield of Tomato Varieties of Early Spring[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2023,(10):36-41.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.10.0036]
定植株距和整枝方式对早春茬番茄生长及产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Planting Spacing and Pruning Pattern on Growth and Yield of Tomato Varieties of Early Spring
- 文章编号:
- 7
- Keywords:
- tomato; cherry tomato; early spring stubble; double stalk pruning pattern; planting spacing
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为节约用苗量，达到节本增效的目的，以番茄‘普罗旺斯’、樱桃番茄‘甜美3号’为材料，分别设置4个不同株距番茄（45，60，75和90 cm）和樱桃番茄（30，40，50和60 cm）处理，采用双秆整枝方式，番茄以单位面积相同秆数［2 117秆·(667 m2)-1］的45单处理和90双处理为对照，在此基础上增加定植密度60双［3 176秆·（667 m2)-1］和75双［2 540秆·（667 m2)-1］处理；樱桃番茄以单位面积相同秆数［3 176秆·（667 m2)-1］的30单和60双处理为对照，在此基础上增加定植密度40双［4 764秆（667 m2)-1］和50双处理［3 811秆·（667 m2)-1］。研究定植株距和整枝方式对番茄生长、产量及经济成本的影响。结果表明，在用苗量减少的情况下采用双秆整枝效果明显，番茄75双处理纯收益最高，较对照45单处理提高了1 816.2元·（667 m2)-1；叶绿素含量最高，SPAD值为63.01；产量最高为5.91 kg·m-2，较对照45单处理提高了14.3%。樱桃番茄40双处理纯收益最高，较对照30单处理提高了2 038.6元·（667 m2)-1；叶绿素含量最高，SPAD值为63.67；产量最高为4.98 kg·m-2，较对照30单处理提高了12.2%。综合考虑番茄植株生长、产量及经济效益等因素，本研究区早春茬番茄适宜采用株距75 cm双秆整枝方式，樱桃番茄适宜采用株距40 cm双秆整枝方式。
- Abstract:
- In order to save the amount of seedlings and achieve the purpose of saving cost and increasing efficiency，tomato ‘Puluowangsi’ and cherry tomato ‘Tianmei 3’，were used to study the effects of planting spacing and pruning pattern on the growth and yield of tomatoes by setting up four different plant spacing（tomato 45，60，75 and 90 cm and cherry tomato 30，40，50 and 60 cm），and adopting double stalk pruning pattern. The treatment of tomato 45single and 90double with the same number of stalks per unit area (2 117 stalks per 667 m2) were used as controls. On this basis, 60double (3 176 stalks per 667 m2) and 75double (2 540 stalks per 667 m2) were treated with increased planting density. Cherry tomato was treated with 30single and 60double of the same number of stalks per unit area (3 176 stalks per 667 m2) as controls. On this basis, the planting density of 40double (4 764 stalks per 667 m2) and 50double (3 811 stalks per 667 m2) were increased. The results showed that the case of reducing the amount of seedlings perunit area, the effect of double-stalk pruning was obvious. The treatment of tomato 75double net income was the highest, which increased by 1 816.2 yuan per 667 m2 compared with the control, and the contents of chlorophyll was the highest (63.01 SPAD), the yield was the highest (5.91 kg·m-2), which increased by 14.3% compared with the control. The treatment of cherry tomato 40double net income was the highest, which increased by 2 038.6 yuan per 667 m2 compared with the control, and the contents of chlorophyll was the highest (63.67 SPAD), the yield was the highest (4.98 kg·m-2), which increased by 12.2% compared with the control. Considering the tomato planting growth, yield, economic benefits and other factors, in this study area suitable tomato planting density is plant spacing 75 cm double stalk pruning, cherry tomato plant spacing 40 cm double stalk pruning pattern is the best.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2023-03-17