JIANG Shu-kun,YANG Xian-li,WANG Li-zhi,et al.Analysis of Production Change of Hemp and Relationship with Meteorological Factors in Heilongjiang Province from 2011 to 2019[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2022,(05):22-28.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2022.05.0022]
2011-2019年黑龙江省大麻生产变化及与气象因子的关系
- Title:
- Analysis of Production Change of Hemp and Relationship with Meteorological Factors in Heilongjiang Province from 2011 to 2019
- Keywords:
- Heilongjiang Province; hemp production; temporal and spatial trends; meteorological factors
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 大麻是黑龙江省重要的经济作物之一，年播种面积占全国一半左右。探明黑龙江省大麻种植面积、总产及单产变化趋势，解析气象环境因素对大麻产量的影响，对于黑龙江省大麻的科学区划布局和健康发展具有重要意义。本研究分析了黑龙江省2011-2019年大麻的播种面积、总产和单产的时空变化趋势，并探讨了大麻单产与主要气象因子间的关系。结果表明：黑龙江省大麻播种面积年均增长2 096.5 hm2，总产年均增长12 696.6 t，大麻种植区域主要分布在黑河市、绥化市、齐齐哈尔市、大庆市等区域，新增区域主要分布在齐齐哈尔市、哈尔滨市和牡丹江市。各地单产的变化幅度较大，变幅为58.2~10 178.6 kg·hm-2。黑河市、绥化市、大庆市等大麻传统主产区的单产高且稳定，一般为5 000~10 000 kg·hm-2。而新增区域的单产较低，哈尔滨市和齐齐哈尔地区的平均单产低于3 500 kg·hm-2，具有较大的提升空间。大麻单产与5-9月的≥10 ℃活动积温和5-9月的累计降水量呈正相关，与5-9月的太阳总辐射呈负相关，但未达到显著水平。现阶段不同区域的单位面积产量高低主要取决于栽培技术水平。
- Abstract:
- Hemp is one of the important economic crops in Heilongjiang Province,and the annual sown area accounts for about half of China.Detecting the changing trend of hemp planting area,total output and yield per unit,and analyzing the influence of meteorological factors on hemp production are of great significance for the scientific zoning and healthy development of hemp in Heilongjiang Province.The temporal and spatial trends of the sown area,total output and yield of hemp in Heilongjiang Province from 2011 to 2019,and the relationship between the yield and the main meteorological factors were analyzed in this paper.The results showed that the average annual growth rate of hemp sown area in Heilongjiang Province was 2 096.5 ha,and the average annual growth rate of total yield was 12 696.6 t.Hemp cultivation areas were mainly distributed in Heihe,Suihua,Qiqihar and Daqing.The new planting regions were concentrated in Qiqihar,Harbin and Mudanjiang.The hemp yield varies greatly in different regions with ranging from 58.2 to 10 178.6 kg·ha-1.The main traditional hemp cultivation areas such as Heihe,Suihua and Daqing had high and stable yield,generally between 5 000 and 10 000 kg·ha-1.However,the yield in the new planting regions were lower.The average yield in Harbin and Qiqihar were less than 3 500 kg·ha-1.Hemp yield was positively correlated with accumulated temperature of ≥10 ℃ from May to September and accumulated precipitation from May to September,and negatively correlated with total solar radiation from May to September,but the correlation coefficient did not reach a significant level.The hemp yield of different regions mainly depends on the level of cultivation technology.
参考文献/References:
［1］刘飞虎,杨明.工业大麻的基础与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2015.
［2］陈其本,余立惠,杨明,等.大麻栽培利用及发展对策[M]． 北京:电子科技大学出版社,1993.
［3］福来,王绪芬,张秀慧.高效环保型经济作物工业大麻及栽培技术[J]．中国种业，2004(10):49-50.
［4］张晓艳,孙宇峰,曹焜.黑龙江省工业大麻育种现状及展望[J].作物杂志,2019（3）:15-19.
［5］王静,杨晓光,吕硕,等.黑龙江省春玉米产量潜力及产量差的时空分布特征[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(10):1914-1925.
［6］卢玢宇,裴占江,史风梅,等．黑龙江省近30年气候变化特征分析[J]． 黑龙江农业科学,2019（5）:19-26.
［7］郭尔静,杨晓光,王晓煜,等.湖南省双季稻产量差时空分布特征[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(2):399-412.
［8］刘志娟,杨晓光,王文峰,等.气候变化背景下我国东北三省农业气候资源变化特征[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(9):2199-2206.
［9］杨辉,田小凡,郗茜.推进黑龙江省工业大麻产业发展的实现路径研究[J].中国麻业科学,2019,41(2):84-88.
［10］刘文科.工业大麻植物工厂栽培优势与技术需求分析[J].农业工程技术,2021,41(13):19-22.
［11］马子竣,孙继英,孟令辉,等.高寒地区纤维用工业大麻栽培技术[J].黑龙江农业科学,2021（5）:143-145.
相似文献/References:
[1]赵雪虹.黑龙江省农村城镇化发展的金融支持模式研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):128.
ZHAO Xue-hong.Research on the Financial Support of Rural Urbanization Development of Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(05):128.
[2]张 鹍,宋德禄,段亚东.黑龙江省黑穗醋栗的研究进展[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(05):147.
ZHANG Kun,SONG De-lu,DUAN Ya-dong. Research Progress of Ribes nigrum in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(05):147.
[3]严洪冬,焦少杰,王黎明,等.黑龙江省甜高粱种质资源鉴定与评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(03):3.
YAN Hong-dong,JIAO Shao-jie,WANG Li-ming,et al.Identification and Evaluation of Sweet Sorghum Germplasm Resources of Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(05):3.
[4]马金丰,李延东,王绍滨,等.谷子新品种龙谷34选育及栽培技术[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(01):148.
[5]刘海荣,杨晓华,郭金玲.黑龙江省地产果品销售现状及促销策略[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(03):120.
LIU Hai rong,YANG Xiao hua,GUO Jin ling.Sales Status and Promotion Strategy of Local Fruits in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(05):120.
[6]孙海正.水稻覆膜节水增温高产栽培技术研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012,(01):28.
SUN Hai-zheng.Study on Filming High Yield Cultivation Technique of Rice to Save Water and Increase Temperature[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(05):28.
[7]刘淑芬,来永才,宫秀杰.黑龙江省农民专业合作社存在问题及发展对策[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012,(01):114.
LIU Shu-fen,LAI Yong-cai,GONG Xiu-jie.Problems and Countermeasures of Farmers SPecialized CooPerative in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(05):114.
[8]罗新兰,芦 涛,姜丽霞,等.黑龙江省土壤水分分区与预报[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012,(06):40.
LUO Xin-lan,LU Tao,JIANG Li-xia,et al.Partitioning and Prediction of Soil Moisturein Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(05):40.
[9]杨帆.基于农户信贷需求的视角创新黑龙江省农村金融产品与服务方式[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012,(05):132.
YANG Fan.Innovation of Rural Financial Products and Service Mode in Heilongjiang Province Based on View of Farmer Credit Demand[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(05):132.
[10]姚俊英,孙爽,刘玉霞,等.黑龙江省冰雹灾害时空特征分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012,(04):45.
YAO Jun-ying,SUN Shuang,LIU Yu-xia,et al.Analysis on Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Hail Disasters in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(05):45.
备注/Memo
收稿日期：2022-01-30
基金项目：黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”大麻科技创新专项（MLCX20-6）。
第一作者：姜树坤（1981-），男，博士，研究员，硕导，从事农业气象与作物生理研究。E-mail:shukunjiang@haas.cn。