HUANG Chun-yan.Existing Problems and Suggestions on Pesticide Application of Maize Field in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(09):145-149.
黑龙江省玉米田农药使用存在的问题及建议
- Title:
- Existing Problems and Suggestions on Pesticide Application of Maize Field in Heilongjiang Province
- 文章编号:
- 1002-2767(2014)09-0145-05
- Keywords:
- Heilongjiang province; maize fields; diseases; insect pests and weeds; pesticide application
- 分类号:
- S435.13
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 黑龙江省是我国重要的商品粮生产基地,玉米已成为第一大农作物,种植区域不断扩大,除生育期极短的呼玛、漠河和塔河等北部少数地区外,全省大部分地区均有种植。2013年玉米种植面积约为718.67万hm2,占全省粮食作物播种面积的50.9%。因此,在玉米病虫草害防治中农药的安全使用是一个亟待解决的问题。玉米病虫害防治的关键是防治效果,而农田杂草防除的关键不仅是防除效果,更重要的是除草剂对玉米及其后茬作物的安全性。生产中尚存在着因用药不及时而达不到防治病虫害理想效果的问题,除草剂盲目使用或不合理使用,如超量、超范围等,对当茬玉米或后茬作物造成药害的问题。生产中应严格管理和使用长残留除草剂,建立除草剂使用档案,选择无残留除草剂品种或进行混配,提高除草剂使用技术水平等,从而达到避免玉米除草剂药害和预防后茬作物残留药害的目的。
- Abstract:
- Heilongjiang province is an important commodity grain production base in China.Maize,with the plantation areas,was planted in the whole province except Huma,Mohe,Tahe and some areas in the north.Acreage in 2013 stabilized at 7.186 7 million hectares and made up half of the province acreages.Criterion of pesticide application was a burning issue in controlling disease,pests and weeds.Safety for maize and succeeding crops was more important than effect in chemical weed control.The phytotoxicity would be caused by blind or unreasonable use,such as excess or misapplication,and the delayed treatment couldn’t control disease and pests.The strict management and use of long residual herbicide should be done in production,as well as the establishment of herbicide use archives,using no residue herbicides or mix,and improvement of the technical level,which could prevent and avoid phytotoxicity from maize and succeeding crops.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-05-13
作者简介:黄春艳(1959-),女,黑龙江省勃利县人,研究员,从事杂草科学和除草剂应用技术研究。E-mail:huangchunyann@126.com。