[1]梁福琴,关大伟,党蓓蕾,等.根瘤菌和氮素对大豆植株特性及产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2017,(08):28-31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.08.0028]
　LIANG Fu-qin,GUAN Da-wei,DANG Bei-lei,et al.Effect of Rhizobium and Nitrogen on Plant Characteristics and Yield of Soybean[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2017,(08):28-31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.08.0028]
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根瘤菌和氮素对大豆植株特性及产量的影响

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2017年08期 页码: 28-31 栏目: 出版日期: 2017-08-10
Title:
Effect of Rhizobium and Nitrogen on Plant Characteristics and Yield of Soybean
文章编号:
1002-2767（2017）08-0028-04
作者:
梁福琴; 关大伟; 党蓓蕾; 樊晨; 张强; 王晓霞; 吴菊梅
1.延安市农业科学研究所，陕西 延安 716000；2.中国农业科学院 农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京 100081
Author(s):
LIANG Fu-qin1; GUAN Da-wei2; DANG Bei-lei1; FAN Chen1; ZHANG Qiang1; WANG Xiao-xia1; WU Ju-mei1
1.Agricultural Research Institute of Yanan City,Yanan,Shaanxi 716000;2.Institute of Agriculture Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081
关键词:
大豆; 根瘤菌; 氮肥; 产量; 植株特性
Keywords:
soybean; rhizobium; nitrogen; yield; plant characteristics
分类号:
S565.1；S143.1；Q939.11+4
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.08.0028
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了初步了解延安地区大豆植株特性及其产量对根瘤菌和氮素的响应，在接种根瘤菌的情况下，设置施氮量分别为0（N0）、50%（N50）、75%（N75），研究不同浓度的氮肥对大豆植株生长的影响；以T1:150 kg·hm-2重过磷酸钙+75 kg·hm-2硫酸钾为底肥作空白对照，T2:底肥+根瘤菌，T3:底肥+根瘤菌+60 kg·hm-2氮肥，T4: 底肥+60 kg·hm-2氮肥，T5:根瘤菌+60 kg·hm-2氮肥，研究不同配比的根瘤菌与氮肥对大豆植株的影响。结果表明：接种根瘤菌的大豆植株，根部根瘤数量增多，且干重也相应的增大；大豆植株的株高、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重、百粒重随氮肥的浓度增加而呈现先升高后降低的趋势，N50为最佳施氮量；T3复合处理下，大豆成熟期生理性状高于其它处理。在接种根瘤菌剂情况下，配施一定量的氮肥可使大豆植株的各项生理特性达到最大值，同时达到大豆丰产；氮素浓度使用不当会影响大豆植株的生长和产量，浓度过低不利于根瘤的形成，过高对根瘤的固氮有抑制作用。
Abstract:
In order to understand the response of soybean plant characteristics and its yield to rhizobium and nitrogen in Yanan.The effects of rhizobium with different rates of nitrogen fertilizer (N0，N50，N75)on soybean plants were studied; control group （CK）trial was treated with heavy calcium superphosphate,150 kg·hm-2 and potassium sulfate,75 kg·hm-2 as base fertilizer,marked as T1; T2 was treated with base fertilizer and rhizobia; T3 was treated with base fertilizer,rhizobia and nitrogen fertilizer,60 kg?hm-2 ; T4 was treated with base fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer,60 kg·hm-2 ; and T5 was treated with rhizobium and nitrogen fertilizer,60 kg·hm-2.These five experiment groups were set up to study the effects of different combination of rhizobia and nitrogen fertilizer on soybean plant.The results showed that the number of root nodules and the dry weight of the soybean plants with rhizobium were increased; plant height of the soybean,node number of main stems,pod number per plant,grain number per plant,grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight showed increasing trend then decreased with the concentration of nitrogenous fertilizer.N50 was the optimal nitrogen concentration; in T3,the physiological character of soybean at ripening stage was higher than that of other treatments.With rhizobium,application of certain concentration of nitrogen fertilizer could make each physiological characteristic of soybean plant be its peak value and bring high yield.However,unreasonable concentration of nitrogen had negative effect on the growth and yield of soybean.Low nitrogen concentration is not conducive to the formation of the root nodules,while overtop can inhibite nitrogen fixation of the root nodules.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期：2017-06-08

基金项目：国家大豆产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-04)；陕西省农业厅资助项目
第一作者简介：梁福琴（1974-），女，陕西省延安市人，高级农艺师，从事大豆新品种选育研究及示范推广工作。E-mail:yankslfq@126.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2017-12-07