[1]史占忠,贲显明,张敬涛,等.三江平原春玉米低温冷害发生规律及防御措施[J].黑龙江农业科学,2003,(02):7-10.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2003.02.0007]
　SHI Zhan-zhong,BEN Xian-ming,ZHANGJing-tao,et al.The Emerging Pattern and Preventive Measure of Maize Cold Damage in the Sanjiang River Plain[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2003,(02):7-10.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2003.02.0007]
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三江平原春玉米低温冷害发生规律及防御措施

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2003年02 页码: 7-10 栏目: 出版日期: 2003-03-10
Title:
The Emerging Pattern and Preventive Measure of Maize Cold Damage in the Sanjiang River Plain
文章编号:
1002 -2767(2003)02 -0007 -04
作者:
史占忠1 ;  贲显明1 ;  张敬涛2 ;  谷口利策3 ;  宋光义4
1.佳木斯市农业技术推广总站, 佳木斯154003 ;
2.黑龙江省农科院合江农科所, 佳木斯154007 ;
3.日本国际协力事业团;
4.鸡西市农业技术推广中心, 鸡西市158100
Author(s):
SHI Zhan-zhong1 ;  BEN Xian-ming1 ;  ZHANGJing-tao2 ;  Tanikchi3 ;  SONG Guang-yi4
1 .Jiamusi General Station of Ag ricultural Technology Popularization , Jamusi 154003 ;
2.Hejiang Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Jiamusi 154007 ;
3.Japan Internationa CooperationAgency ;
4.Ag ricultural Technology Popularization Center of Jixi , Jixi 158100
关键词:
玉米; 低温冷害; 发生规律; 防御措施
Keywords:
maize ; cold damage ; emerging pat tern ; preventive measure
分类号:
S513 .01
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2003.02.0007
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
经多年对三江平原冷害发生的规律, 不同生育期对低温的反应及低温对玉米生理、产量的影响等研究, 并分析三江平原宝清、佳木斯、汤原等典型市县历年气象资料及玉米产量因素, 结果表明:三江平原玉米低温冷害每3 ～ 4 年发生一次, 气象概率为28 %;严重低温冷害每5 年发生一次;低温冷害类型为延迟型;低温冷害的敏感期为6 月份低温;低温降低种子的发芽势和发芽率, 显著抑制植株的营养生长, 延迟生育, 降低子粒干物质积累速率;玉米减产22 .5 %～ 34 .3 %。玉米低温冷害主要防御措施为选用早熟品种、适时早播、催芽座水、地膜覆盖、育苗移栽、科学施肥、加强田间管理等。
Abstract:
The influence of various maize maturi ty duration on the phy siology , yield in low temperature, and the relatio n between weather datum and maize output in Baoqing , Jamusi , Tangyuan etc .have been analy zed .It show ed that the cold damage w ould occur every 3 -4 years , the w eather probabilityis 28 %, severe cold damage occured every 5 years .The cold damage pattern is postpo ning oneand the sensitive stage of cold damage is in June .It can reduce the energy and capacity of germination ,depress the g row th of plant , and decrease the dry matter accumulation rate.The damaged plant w oulddevrease the yield by 22 .5 %～ 34 .3 %.The suggested preventive measures to cold damage are selectingearly-maturity hybrids , sow ing earlier covering cultivalion with plastic film , t ransplanting theseedling , fertilizing and field management properly .

参考文献/References:

[ 1]吴景锋, 盛承师.中国作物栽培[ M] .北京:科学普及出版社,1991.124-154.

[ 2]潘铁夫, 方展森.农作物低温冷害及其防御[ M] .北京:农业出版社, 1983.117-133.
[ 3]苏俊.黑龙江省玉米育种研究现状和存在问题及对策措施[ J] .黑龙江农业科学,1998 ,(1):45-49.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2002 -12 -30　

基金项目:中日合作项目, 获省政府四等奖。　
第一作者简介:史占忠(1960 -), 男, 黑龙江省肇东县人, 高级农艺师, 主要从事作物栽培研究。

更新日期/Last Update: 2016-12-06