[1]王 粟,张 楠,钟 鹏,等.生物质炭基肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2017,(03):41-44.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.03.0041]
　WANG Su,ZHANG Nan,ZHONG Peng,et al.Effects of Biochar Base Fertilizers on Maize Growth and Yield[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2017,(03):41-44.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.03.0041]
点击复制

生物质炭基肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2017年03期 页码: 41-44 栏目: 出版日期: 2017-03-10
Title:
Effects of Biochar Base Fertilizers on Maize Growth and Yield
文章编号:
1002-2767（2017）03-004104
作者:
王 粟; 张 楠; 钟 鹏; 史风梅; 裴占江; 刘 杰; 孙 彬
黑龙江省农业科学院 农村能源研究所，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150086
Author(s):
WANG Su; ZHANG Nan; ZHONG Peng; SHI Fengmei; PEI Zhanjiang; LIU Jie; SUN Bin
Rural Energy Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150086
关键词:
生物质炭基肥; 玉米; 生长发育; 产量
Keywords:
biochar base fertilizers;  maize;  growth;  yield
分类号:
S513.062
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.03.0041
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为促进作物生长，提高土壤保水保肥能力和肥料利用率，采用生物质炭与化肥配合制备生物质炭基肥，以常规施肥为对照，通过田间多重比较试验，研究不同处理的生物质炭基肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明：施用生物质炭基肥可有效促进玉米的生长发育，缩短生育周期，改善玉米产量性状，进而达到增加产量的目的。其中，A5处理试验效果最佳，生育周期缩短了7 d、株高增加9.0cm、穗位高度提升2.6cm、穗长增加0.7cm、行粒数增加2.2粒、百粒重增加4.0 g、玉米产量达14 924 kg?hm2，增产率为8.48%。
Abstract:
The biochar base fertilizers were prepared with chemical fertilizer and biochar to promote the growth of plant,improve the efficiency of the fertilizer and enhance the ability of water and nutrient conservation.Comparing to routine fertilization,the effects of biochar base fertilizers with different treatments on the growth and yield of maize were studied in plot experiments.The results showed that the biochar base fertilizers could promote the growth,shorten the growth cycle,better the yield characters and increase the yield of maize.The effects of A5 were the best of all traits.For A5 trait,the growth cycle was shortened by 7 days.The plant height,ear position height,ear length,kernel numbers per row and 100grain weight of maize increased by 9.0 cm,2.6 cm,0.7 cm,2.2 and 4.0 g,respectively.The yield of maize attained 14 924 kg?hm2,which increased by 8.48%.

参考文献/References:

[1] Guo J H,Liu X J,Zhang Y,et al.Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands[J].Science,2010,327(5968):1008.
[2] 曲责伟.生物有机肥料对土壤物理性质及玉米产量影响的试验初报[J]．丹东纺专学报,2004，11(2):4547.
[3] 奚振邦,黄培钟,段继贤.现代化学肥料学［M］．北京：中国农业出版社,2013.
[4] 赵其国.中国东部红壤地区土壤退化的时空变化、机理及调控[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[5] 孙铁珩，周启星,李培军.污染生态学[M].北京：科学出版社,2001.
[6] 朱兆良．中国土壤氮素研究[J].土壤学报，2008(5）：778-783.
[7] 徐瑞薇,蒋德勤,钱文恒,等.磷肥污染事故及磷肥忠三氯乙醚、三氯乙酸极限量的研究[J].环境科学丛刊,1988,9(6)：1-43.
[8] Day D,Evans R J,Lee J W,et al,Valuable and stable carbon coproduct from fossil fuel exhaust scrubbing[J].Preprint PapersAmerican Chemical Society,Division of Petroleum Chemistry,2004,49(1)：352-355.
[9] 钱力.生物质炭基肥料的试验与改性探索[D].南京：南京农业大学,2014.
[10] 陈琳,乔志刚,李恋卿,等.施用生物质炭基肥对水稻产量及氮素利用的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(5)：671-675.
[11] Lehmann J.A handful of carbon[J].Nature,2007,447(10)：143-144.
[12] 李晓.施用生物质炭及炭基肥对温室气体排放、玉米生长及土壤性质的影响[D].南京：南京农业大学,2013.
[13] 卢广远,张艳,王祥福,等.炭基肥料种类对土壤物理性质及玉米产量的影响[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(5)：50-53.
[14] 李大伟,周加顺,潘根兴,等.生物质炭基肥施用对蔬菜产量和品质以及氮素农学利用率的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2016,39(3)：433-440.
[15] 乔志刚,陈琳,李恋卿,等.生物质炭基肥对水稻生长及氮素利用率的影响[J].中国农业学报,2014,30(5)：175180.

相似文献/References:

[1]王静.西昌地区玉米自交系苗期耐低磷特性鉴定[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(02):5.
　WANG Jing.Identification of Resistance to Low-phosphorus Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines at Seedling Stage in Xichang Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(03):5.
[2]石凤梅,马立功.黑龙江省玉米大斑病菌小种生理分化的研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(02):63.
　SHI Feng-mei,MA Li-gong.Study on Physiological Race Differentiation of Exserohilum turcicum in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(03):63.
[3]孙广全,焦少杰,王黎明,等.乌克兰玉米自交系芽期耐旱性鉴定[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(11):4.
　SUN Guang-quan,JIAO Shao-jie,WANG Li-ming,et al.Drought Tolerance Identification of Ukrainian Maize Inbred Lines at Bud Stage[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(03):4.
[4]马延华,孙德全,李绥艳,等.玉米自交系灌浆期抗倒性评价及抗倒性状的相关分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):5.
　MA Yan-hua,SUN De-quan,LI Sui-yan,et al.Evaluation of Lodging Resistance and Correlation Analysis of Lodging Resistance Characters for Maizenbred Lines During Grain filling Period[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(03):5.
[5]杨耿斌,刘兴焱,王立春,等.黑龙江早熟地区深松对玉米产量及土壤状态的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):23.
　YANG Geng-bin,LIU Xing-yan,WANG Li-chun,et al.Effect of Subsoiling on Maize Yield and Soil Characteristics in Earlymaturing District of Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(03):23.
[6]王宇先.寒地半干旱地区膜上精播技术对玉米生长发育的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):29.
　WANG Yu-xian.Effect of Planting in Mulching Film on the Growth and Development of Maize Plant in Cold and Semi Arid Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(03):29.
[7]刘志华,盖兆雪,李晓梅,等.秸秆还田对玉米产量形成及土壤肥力的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):42.
　LIU Zhi-hua,GAI Zhao-xue,LI Xiao-mei,et al.Effect of Straw Return on Maize Yield Components and Soil Fertility[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(03):42.
[8]林红,何晶丽.玉米在畜牧养殖业中的有效利用[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):77.
　LIN Hong,HE Jing-li.Effective Utilization of Maize in Animal Husbandry[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(03):77.
[9]林 红,孙德全,李绥艳,等.玉米单倍体诱导系对不同类群F1的诱导率评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(06):12.
[10]张崎峰,蔡鑫鑫,李金良,等.黑龙江省高纬寒地大垄双行栽培模式下玉米品种筛选试验[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(06):22.
　ZHANG Qifeng,CAI Xinxin,LI Jinliang,et al.Screening Test of Maize Varieties under the Mode of Double Row Sowing with Big Ridge in High Latitude and Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(03):22.

备注/Memo

收稿日期：2017.02.07基金项目：2016年基层农技推广项目体系改革与建设补助资助项目；哈尔滨市科技创新人才资助项目（2016RAQYJ070）；黑龙江省青年科学基金资助项目（QC-2014C031）第一作者简介：王粟（1984-），男，黑龙江省哈尔滨市人，硕士，助理研究员，从事可再生能源利用研究。E-mail：wangsu1688@126.com。通讯作者：孙彬（1972-），男，黑龙江省延寿县人，硕士，副研究员，从事土壤肥料研究。E-mail：sunbina1000@126.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2017-08-06