JIANG Yu-bo,WANG Jun-he,YU Yang,et al.Research on Densitytolerance of New Maize Varieties in South Central Songnen Plain[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2016,(01):46-50.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.01.0046]
松嫩平原中南部玉米新品种耐密性初探
- Title:
- Research on Densitytolerance of New Maize Varieties in South Central Songnen Plain
- 文章编号:
- 1002-2767（2016）01-0046-05
- Keywords:
- maize; density tolerance; yield
- 分类号:
- S513
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了筛选适宜松嫩平原中南部地区增密种植的玉米新品种，提高种植密度，提升粮食产量，对4个新近通过审定的玉米品种进行了品种耐密性研究。设置中高密（75 000株?hm-2）和高密（90 000株?hm-2）两个密度水平，通过对玉米主要生育期、植株性状、倒伏率、空秆率、果穗性状、产量及产量构成因子等生理指标的调查与测量，研究参试品种的耐密性及高密度种植对玉米性状和产量的影响。结果表明：密度对出苗期无明显影响；随着种植密度的增高，部分参试品种拔节期延迟1 d，抽雄期、吐丝期延迟1～2 d，果穗秃尖增长明显，籽粒百粒重降低；参试品种抗倒伏能力较强；龙作1号在两个密度条件下空秆率均较低，表现出了较好的防空秆能力；4个参试品种在密度升高过程中产量变化趋势不一致，稷秾108呈产量增加趋势，其它品种呈产量降低趋势。其中，利民33在中高密条件下产量最高；稷秾108在高密条件下产量最高，适宜高密度种植；利民33穗位相对较低，更符合机械化收获标准。
- Abstract:
- In order to screening corn varieties suitable for South Central of Songnen Plain,focus on the densitytolerance of new maize varieties.Two density levels were designed (75 000 and 90 000 plants?hm-2) in order to select the right maize varieties for compact planting.According to the survey data and measured value of maize growth period,plant character,lodging rate,ear character,yield and its components,it showed that density would not affect the seeding stage.On the contrary,it could affect the tasseling stage,spinning stage,bare tip length and hundred grain weight.Half of the maize varieties’ jointing stage postponed for one day,most of the maize varieties’ tasseling stage and spinning stage postponed for 1~2 days.With the development of the plant density,the ear bare tip length increased clearly.However,little lodging happens during the period,all of the maize varieties showed good performance of lodging resistance.Longzuo 1 empty ear rate was relatively low.According to the result of yield,Jinong 108 were suitable for compact planting because they got highest yield at the level of 90 000 plants?hm-2.In addition,Limin33 got the highest yield at 75 000 plants?hm-2 level and it was also suitable for mechanized harvesting due to its low ear height.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2015-11-25
基金项目：国家玉米产业技术体系资助项目（CARS-02-40）；农业部农业技术试验示范专项资助项目（2015k752）；黑龙江省留学归国科学基金资助项目 (LC201415)；黑龙江省农业科技创新工程资助项目（2014ZD005）（2014QN017）；农业部作物生理生态与耕作学重点实验室开放课题资助项目（201305）
第一作者简介：姜宇博（1985-），男，黑龙江省哈尔滨市人，硕士，助理研究员，从事作物栽培育种及生产效率研究。E-mail:vbojiang2007@163.com。
通讯作者：钱春荣（1973-），女，黑龙江省鸡西市人，博士，副研究员，从事作物栽培育种研究。E-mail：qianjianyi318@163.com。