GAO Pan,LIU Yu-tao,WANG Yu-xian,et al.Effects of Different Subsoiling Years on Soil Physical Properties and Grain Yield of Maize in Semi-arid Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2018,(11):1-4.[doi:10.11942j.issn1002-2767.2018.11.0001]
不同深松年限对半干旱区土壤物理性质和玉米籽粒产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Subsoiling Years on Soil Physical Properties and Grain Yield of Maize in Semi-arid Area
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为构建合理耕层，促进半干旱区农业节本增效，在半干旱区开展了隔年深松、隔两年深松、连年深松与不深松做大区对比研究。结果表明：播种前，土壤孔隙度在0~10 cm土层，隔两年深松、连年深松可以增加土壤孔隙度。在10~40 cm时，隔年深松、隔两年深松、连年深松处理的土壤孔隙度与不深松处理比增加9.35%~16.97%、13.54%~30.82%、6.46%~8.18%。收获后，在0~40 cm土层，隔年深松、隔两年深松、连年深松处理土壤孔隙度与不深松处理相比增加9.01%~13.61%、5.29%~20.92%、6.15%~16.42%。播种前，隔年深松、隔两年深松、连年深松处理土壤容重平均比不深松处理低0.012、0.066、0.097 g?cm-3。收获后，隔年深松、隔两年深松、连年深松处理土壤容重平均比不深松处理低0.14、0.17、0.15 g?cm-3。气相率对比隔两年深松处理＞隔年深松处理＞连年深松处理的趋势，说明随着深松年限和频率的增加，深松处理对降低固相率、提高气相比效果明显。深松可以提高玉米产量。隔年深松处理、连年深松处理、隔两年深松处理分别比不深松处理提高12.08%、10.50%和6.34%，其中隔年深松增产幅度最大。说明不同年限的深松处理均有增产效果，以隔年深松处理增产效果最好。
- Abstract:
- In order to a comparative study was carried out in the semi-arid areas.The results showed that:before sowing,the soil porosity was 0-10 cm.Two years of subsoiling and successive years of subsoiling could increase the soil porosity.At 10-20 cm,20-30 cm and 30-40 cm,the one year of subsoiling and two years of subsoiling and consecutive years treatment increased by 9.35%-16.97%,13.54%-30.82% and 6.46%-8.18% respectively.After harvest,the soil porosity of 0-40 cm soil layer was increased by 9.01%-13.61%,5.29%-20.92%,6.15%-16.42% compared with that of non-subsoiling treatment.Before planting,the soil bulk density of deep pine,2 years deep pine and successive deep loosening treatments were lower than those of non deep loosening treatments,0.012 g?cm-3,0.066 g?cm-3 and 0.097 g?cm-3.After harvest,the soil bulk density of deep pine,2 years deep pine and successive deep loosening treatments were lower than those of non deep loosening treatments 0.14,0.17 and 0.15 g?cm-3.The comparison of the gas phase ratio between two years of deep pine treatment > the year of deep pine treatment > in successive years of deep pine treatment shows that with the increase of depth and frequency of deep loosening,the effect of deep pine treatment on reducing the solid state rate and improving the gas comparison is obvious.Deep pine can improve the yield of corn.Deep pine treatment in the next year,deep pine treatment in successive years and two years of deep pine treatment were 12.08%,10.50% and 6.34%,respectively.That deep tillage had stimulation effect of different ages,with the following year subsoiling had the best yield increasing effect.
参考文献/References:
［1］中华人民共和国国家统计局．中国统计年鉴［M]北京：中国统计出版社，2016.[2]丁昆仑，Hann M J．耕作措施对土壤特性及作物产量的影响[J]．农业工程学报，2000，16(3)：49-52．[3]罗水藩．我国少耕与免耕技术推广应用情况与发展前景[J]．耕作与栽培，1991(2)：1-7．[4]王恩姬，陈祥伟．大机械作业对黑土区耕地土壤三相比与速效养分的影响[J].水土保持学报,2007，1(4)：98-102.[5]贾延明，尚长青，张振国．保护性耕作适应性试验及关键技术研究[J]．农业工程学报，2002，18(1)：78-82．[6]宋日，吴春胜，牟金明,等．打破犁底层对玉米根系生长发育的影响［Ｊ］．耕作与栽培，2000（5）：6-8.[7]黑龙江省土地管理局，黑龙江省土壤普查办公室．黑龙江土壤［M］.北京：农业出版社，1992.[8]李明德，刘琼峰，吴海勇,等．不同耕作方式对红壤旱地土壤理化性状及玉米产量的影响[J]．生态环境学报，2009,18(4)：1522-1526．[9]李玲玲,黄高宝,张仁陟,等.不同保护性耕作措施对旱作农田土壤水分的影响[J].生态学报,2005，25(9):2326-2332.[10]Hermawan B,Cameron K C.Structural changes in a silt loam under long-term conventional or minimum tillage[J].Soil and Tillage Research,1993,26: 139-150.[11]Su Y Z,Zhao H L,Zhang T H.Soil properties following cultivation and non-grazing of a semi-arid sandy grassland in northern China[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2004,75: 27-36.[12]翁德衡．土壤物理性测定法［M］．重庆：科学技术文献出版社重庆分社,1979.[13]杨金玲、张甘霖、李德成,等.激光法与湿筛－吸管法测定土壤颗粒的组成转换及质地的确定[J].土壤学报，2009，46（5）：772-780.[14]肖继兵，孙占祥，杨久廷,等.半干旱区中耕深松对土壤水分和作物产量的影响[J].土壤通报，2011(3)：709-714.[15]蔡丽君.土壤耕作方式对土壤理化性状及夏玉米生长发育的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2014:25-29.[16]孟庆秋，谢佳贵，胡会军,等.土壤深松对玉米产量及其构成因素的影响[J].长春:吉林农业科学，2000(2):25-28.[17]张玉玲，张玉龙，黄毅,等.辽西半干旱地区深松中耕对土壤养分及玉米产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究，2009，27（4）：167-170.[18]梁金凤，齐庆振，贾小红,等.不同耕作方式对上壤性质与玉米生长的影响研究[J].生态环境学报,2010，19（4）：945-950.
相似文献/References:
[1]杨耿斌,刘兴焱,王立春,等.黑龙江早熟地区深松对玉米产量及土壤状态的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):23.
YANG Geng-bin,LIU Xing-yan,WANG Li-chun,et al.Effect of Subsoiling on Maize Yield and Soil Characteristics in Earlymaturing District of Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):23.
[2]刘玉涛,王宇先,张树权,等.深松垄作对土壤物理性状及玉米产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(03):37.
LIU Yu tao,WANG Yu xian,ZHANG Shu quan,et al.Effect of Subsoiling Ridge Planting on Soil Physical Properties and Maize Yield[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):37.
[3]李井云,许翠华,马彦昆,等.吉林省西部向日葵生产限制因素及对策[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010,(09):67.
LI Jing-yun,XU Cui-hua,MA Yan-kun,et al.The Limiting Factors and Countermeasure of Sunflower Production inWestern Region of Jilin Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2010,(11):67.
[4]赵 伟.不同深松处理对玉米产量及其产量构成因素的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011,(12):35.
ZHAO Wei.Effects of Different Subsoiling Treatments on MaizeYield and Its Component Factors[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2011,(11):35.
[5]于 洋.黑龙江省西部半干旱区农作制研究进展与现状[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010,(10):152.
YU Yang.Research Progress and Present Situation on Farming System ofWestern Semi-arid Region ofHeilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2010,(11):152.
[6]王俊河,郝玉波,姜宇博,等.黑土区深松改土对玉米产量形成和土壤性状的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(12):33.
WANG Jun-he,HAO Yu-bo,JIANG Yu-bo,et al.Effect of Subsoiling on Maize Yield andSoil Characteristics in Black Soil Region[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):33.
[7]金喜军,曲春媛,张玉先,等. 中耕措施对土壤温度和水分含量及大豆产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015,(06):18.[doi:DOI:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.06.0018]
JIN Xi-jun,QU Chun-yuan,ZHANG Yu-xian,et al.Effect of Intertillage on Soil Temperature and Water Content and Soybean Yield[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2015,(11):18.[doi:DOI:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.06.0018]
[8]王宇先.半干旱地区糜子倒伏系数相关及通径分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015,(07):31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.07.0031]
WANG Yu-xian.Correlation and Path Analysis on Lodging Resistance of Millet in Semi-arid Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2015,(11):31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.07.0031]
[9]宫秀杰,钱春荣,于 洋,等.深松少耕技术对土壤物理性状及玉米产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2009,(05):32.[doi:10.11942/j.isn1002-2767.2009.05.0032]
GONGXiu-jie,QIAN Chun-rong,YU Yang,et al.Effects of Subsoiling and Fewer-tillage on Soil Physical Characters and the Yield[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2009,(11):32.[doi:10.11942/j.isn1002-2767.2009.05.0032]
[10]高盼,刘玉涛,王宇先,等.深松对半干旱区土壤蓄水能力及玉米产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016,(04):23.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.04.0023]
GAO Pan,LIU Yu-tao,WANG Yu-xian,et al.Effect of Deep Loosening on Water Storage Capacity of Soil and the Yield of Maize in Semi-arid Regions[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2016,(11):23.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.04.0023]
[11]高 盼,刘玉涛,徐莹莹,等.深松对半干旱区土壤物理性状及玉米产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2021,(10):14.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.10.0014]
GAO Pan,LIU Yu-tao,XU Ying-ying,et al.Effects of Subsoiling on Soil Physical Properties and Maize Yield in Semiarid Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2021,(11):14.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.10.0014]
备注/Memo
收稿日期：2018-05-15