MA Xing-zhu,ZHOU Bao-ku,HAO Xiao-yu,et al.Effects of Different Amounts of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Root Morphological Traits of Spring Maize Seedlings[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2016,(07):27-31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.07.0027]
不同氮肥用量对春玉米幼苗生长和根系形态的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Amounts of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Root Morphological Traits of Spring Maize Seedlings
- 文章编号:
- 1002-2767（2016）07-0027-05
- Keywords:
- nitrogen fertilizer; spring maize; root morphology; nitrogen uptake
- 分类号:
- S513.062
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为促进玉米幼苗根系发育，提高氮素的吸收能力，从而提高氮素积累量和利用效率，通过田间试验，研究不同氮肥用量对春玉米幼苗生长、根系形态及氮素吸收利用效率的影响。结果表明:在一定氮素范围内施氮量的增加玉米苗期生物重增加，而高量施氮（N180）导致根冠比下降；优化施氮（N150）处理提高了土壤速效氮、磷以及钾含量；由扫描图片可得不同施氮处理玉米根系形态差异不大，优化施氮处理具有很好的根系形态；减量施氮（N120）和优化施氮处理能够增加苗期玉米根系长度、体积、平均直径以及表面积指标；随着施氮量的增加，苗期春玉米植株氮素吸收效率呈下降趋势，而氮素生理利用效率先增加后降低，减量施氮处理玉米氮吸收效率较高，优化施氮处理具有较高的氮素生理利用效率。
- Abstract:
- In order to promote the root growth of corn seedling,increase the ability of nitrogen absorption,and improve the efficiency of nitrogen accumulation and utilization,the effects of nitrogen on seedling growth,root morphological traits and nitrogen（N）uptake and N use efficiency of spring maize were studied through field experiments.The results showed that with N fertilizer amount increasing in a certain range,biomass of spring maize seedlings increased,whereas treatment of higher amounts of N fertilizer (N180) led to the decreasing of root / shoot ratio.Treatment of optimized N fertilizer (N150) increased contents of soil available N,phosphorus and potassium.There was no significant differences of root morphological traits of spring maize among different treatments from the scanning pictures,treatment of N150 had better root morphology.Treatment of reducing N fertilizer (N120) and N150 could increase root length,volume,average diameter and surface area of spring maize seeding; with the increasing of N fertilizer amount,the N uptake efficiency decreased,whereas physiological N use efficiency increased first and then decreased,N120 had higher N uptake efficiency,N150 had higher physiological N use efficiency.The appropriate N supply could coordinate the growth of root and shoot,advance the root morphology,improve the ability of N uptake,therefore the N accumulation and use efficiency increased .
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2016-04-24