WANG Yaying,BAI Yinzhang,DONG Yue,et al.Effects of Different Irrigation Rates on Growth and Yield of Mengdou 1137[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2025,(01):14-20.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.01.0014]
不同灌溉量对蒙豆1137生长发育和产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Irrigation Rates on Growth and Yield of Mengdou 1137
- 文章编号:
- 3
- Keywords:
- irrigation rates; drought; soybean; critical reproductive period; yield; growth and developement
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为促进大豆关键生育期合理灌溉，利用盆栽控水试验，在关键生育期通过设置不同的灌溉量处理，明确大豆生长发育特征和产量形成过程与土壤干旱之间的关系。结果表明，大豆在鼓粒期受到干旱胁迫的生育期天数比开花期受到干旱胁迫要长，鼓粒期轻度干旱S65%的株高为85.2 cm,茎粗为7.63 mm，是两组试验区中的最大值，鼓粒期试验组中，轻度干旱处理可以增加大豆茎粗；开花期试验组中，轻度干旱F65%处理增产6.2%，其他处理减产7.5%和19.8%，鼓粒期试验组中，轻度干旱S65%处理增产47.3%，其他处理减产14.4%和26.4%，说明鼓粒期干旱对籽粒产量影响最为严重，减产程度大于开花期；耗水量均表现为对照组充分供水＞轻度干旱＞中度干旱＞重度干旱处理，而产量则表现为轻度干旱＞对照组充分供水＞中度干旱＞重度干旱处理。从大豆生长发育和产量各方面考虑，为生产出植株高、茎粗大的大豆植株，且在减少耗水量的情况下不影响产量，可在大豆鼓粒期适度采取轻度干旱（田间持水量65%）处理，可达到节水增产的效果。
- Abstract:
- In order to provide a certain reference basis for rational irrigation during the key growth period of soybeans, this study utilized potted water control experiments to clarify the relationship between soybean growth and development characteristics, yield formation process, and soil drought by setting different irrigation amounts during key growth periods. The results showed that Mengdou 1137 were subjected to drought stress for a longer period of time during the grain filling stage than during the flowering stage. The plant height of S65% under mild drought during the grain filling stage was 85.2 cm, and the stem diameter value was 7.63 mm, which was the highest value in the two experimental areas. The mild drought treatment during the grain filling stage could achieve the goal of increasing soybean stem diameter value; The F65% treatment with mild drought during the flowering period increased yield by 6.2%, while other treatments reduced yield by 7.5% and 19.8%. The S65% treatment with mild drought during the grain filling period increased yield by 47.3%, while other treatments reduced yield by 14.4% and 26.4%. This indicated that drought during the grain filling period had the most severe impact on grain yield, with a greater degree of reduction than during the flowering period; The water consumption showed that the control group had sufficient water supply>mild drought>moderate drought>severe drought treatment, while the yield showed that the control group had sufficient water supply>moderate drought>severe drought treatment. Considering the growth, development, and yield of soybeans, in order to produce tall and thick soybean plants without affecting yield and reducing water consumption, mild drought (field water holding capacity of 65%) treatment can be moderately adopted during the key growth period and pod setting period of soybeans, thus achieving the effect of water conservation and yield increase.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-04-08