[1]刘淼,邸树峰,樊超,等.新型生物降解地膜降解性能及对玉米生长的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2022,(09):31-36.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2022.09.0031]
　LIU Miao,DI Shu-feng,FAN Chao,et al.Study on Degradation Performance of Biodegradable Film and Its Effect on Maize Growth[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2022,(09):31-36.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2022.09.0031]
点击复制

新型生物降解地膜降解性能及对玉米生长的影响

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2022年09 页码: 31-36 栏目: 出版日期: 2022-09-10
Title:
Study on Degradation Performance of Biodegradable Film and Its Effect on Maize Growth
作者:
刘淼1; 邸树峰1; 樊超1; 毕影东1; 来永才2; 李炜1; 刘建新1; 刘明3
1.黑龙江省农业科学院 耕作栽培研究所，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150023；2.黑龙江省农业科学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150086; 3.吉林农业科技学院 农学院，吉林 吉林 132101
Author(s):
LIU Miao1; DI Shu-feng1; FAN Chao1; BI Ying-dong1; LAI Yong-cai2; LI Wei1;  LIU Jian-xin1; LIU ming3
1.Institute of Crop Tillage and Cultivation,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150023,China; 2.Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China; 3.Agricultural College，Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University，Jilin 132101，China
关键词:
可降解地膜; 土壤温度; 土壤水分; 玉米; 生育期; 产量
Keywords:
degradable film;  soil temperature;  soil moisture;  maize; growth period;  yield
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2022.09.0031
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了明确新型生物降解地膜自身特性及对土壤和作物的影响，通过覆膜玉米小区和大田试验，以普通地膜及无覆盖栽培为对照，探讨不同新型生物降解地膜的降解特性，研究生物降解地膜对土壤温度、土壤水分及玉米的生长特性和产量等方面的影响。结果表明，5种不同新型生物降解地膜中M1膜降解速率最快，当季可降解75%左右；生物降解地膜在花期前的保温保墒效果与普通地膜之间差异不显著，花期之后其保温保墒性能与降解速度呈负相关；覆膜可以促进玉米生育期提前，生物降解地膜可使玉米生育期提前8~11 d；覆膜可显著提高玉米产量，M1降解膜处理的玉米产量为955.45 kg·（667 m2）-1，比裸地对照增产17.21%。本研究认为生物降解地膜在农业生产中可以取代普通地膜。
Abstract:
In order to clarify the possibility of replacing common plastic film with ultra-thin controllable biodegradable plastic film and its effects on soil and crops,the degradation characteristics of different ultra-thin controllable biodegradable plastic film were discussed in this study.The effects of mulch on soil temperature,soil moisture,growth characteristics and yield of maize were studied by experiments in plots and fields.The results showed that the degradation rate of M1 film was the fastest among the five kinds of degradable films,which was about 75% in the current season.There was no significant difference between the soil temperature and moisture preservation effect of degradable plastic film before flowering and that of ordinary plastic film.After flowering,due to the different degrees of degradation of degradable plastic film,the soil temperature and moisture gradually approach to the bare ground.Film mulching could advance the growth period of maize,degradable film mulching could advance the growth period of maize by 8-11 d.Mulching could significantly increase the yield of maize,among which the yield of M1-treated maize was the highest,955.45 kg·（667 m2）-1,which was 17.21% higher than that of bare land control.Ultrathin controllable biodegradable plastic film can replace common plastic film in agricultural production.

参考文献/References:

［1］王琪，马树庆，郭建平，等.地膜覆盖下玉米田土壤水热生态效应试验研究[J].中国农业气象，2006，27（3）:249-251.

[2]胡芬，陈尚谟.旱地玉米农田地膜覆盖的水分调控效应研究[J].中国农业气象，2000，21（4）:14-17.
[3]严昌荣，梅旭荣，何文清，等.农用地膜残留污染的现状与防治[J]．农业工程学报，2006，22（11）:269-272.?
[4]BEZBORODOVA G A，SHADMANOVB D K，MIRHASHIMOVB R T，et al.Mulching and water quality effects on soil salinity and sodicity dynamics and cotton productivity in Central Asia[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment，2010，138（1）:95-102.
[5]李仙岳，史海滨，吕烨，等.土壤中不同残膜量对滴灌入渗的影响及不确定性分析[J].农业工程学报，2013，29（8）：84-90.?
[6]阎晓光，李洪，董红芬，等.可降解地膜覆盖对土壤水热及春玉米产量的影响[J].中国农学通报，2018，34（33）：32-37.
[7]申丽霞，王璞，张丽丽，等.可降解地膜的降解性能及对土壤温度、水分和玉米生长的影响[J].农业工程学报，2012，28（4）:111-116.
[8]王频.残膜污染治理的对策和措施[J].农业工程学报，1998，14（3）:185-188.
[9]胡宏亮，韩之刚，张国平.生物降解地膜对玉米的生物学效应及其降解特性[J]．浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版），2015，41（2）:179-188.
[10]高红军.地膜覆盖栽培技术的生产应用及问题分析[J].农业科技与装备，2017(11):3-4.
[11]杨惠娣，唐赛珍.降解塑料试验评价方法探讨[J].塑料，1996，2（1）:16-21.
[12]赵彩霞，何文清，刘爽，等．新疆地区全生物降解膜降解特征及其对棉花产量的影响[J]．农业环境科学学报，2011，30（8）：1616-1621．
[13]罗莎.生物降解地膜降解性能及对辣椒生长的影响[D].邯郸：河北工程大学，2019.
[14]战勇，魏建军，杨相昆，等．可降解地膜的性能及在北疆棉田上的应用[J]．西北农业学报，2010，19（7）：202-206．
[15]乔海军，黄高宝，冯福学，等.生物全降解地膜的降解过程及其对玉米生长的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报，2008，10（5）:71-75.
[16]王星，吕家珑，孙本华.覆盖可降解地膜对玉米生长和土壤环境的影响[J].农业环境科学学报，2003，22（4）：397-401.
[17]何文清，赵彩霞，刘爽，等.全生物降解膜田间降解特征及其对棉花产量影响[J].中国农业大学学报，2011，16（3）:21-27.
[18]李振华，张丽芳，康暄，等.降解地膜覆盖对土壤环境和旱地马铃薯生育的影响[J].中国农学通报，2011，27（5）:249-253.
[19]TARARA J M.Microclimate modification with plastic mulch[J].Hort Science，2000，35(2):222-228.\
[20]SUBRAHMANIYAN K,MATHIEU N.Polyethylene and biodegradable mulches for agricultural applications:Areview[J].Agronomy for Sustainable Development，2012，32:501-529.
[21]白雪，周怀平，解文艳，等.不同类型地膜覆盖对玉米农田水热状况及产量的影响[J].土壤，2018，50（2）:414-420.
[22]申丽霞，王璞，张丽丽.可降解地膜对土壤、温度水分及玉米生长发育的影响[J].农业工程学报，2011，27（6）：25-30.

相似文献/References:

[1]张崎峰,巩双印,李金良,等.可降解地膜对土壤物理性状及玉米生育特性的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(05):24.
　ZHANG Qi-feng,GONG Shuang-yin,LI Jin-liang,et al.Effect of Degradable Film on Soil Physical Characteristics and Maize Growth Characters[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(09):24.
[2]车少辉,段爱国,张建国,等.大兴安岭地区土壤温度变化规律的研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010,(12):45.
　CHE Shao-hui,DUAN Ai-guo,ZHANG Jian-guo,et al.The Variety Regulation Research of theSoil Temperature in Daxing’anling District[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2010,(09):45.
[3]王辉,刘兴焱,何长安,等.垄改平对土壤水分及玉米产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(10):23.
　WANG Hui,LIU Xing-yan,HE Chang-an,et al.Effect of Different Tillage Managements on Soil Moisture and Yield of Maize[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(09):23.
[4]金喜军,曲春媛,张玉先,等. 中耕措施对土壤温度和水分含量及大豆产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015,(06):18.[doi:DOI:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.06.0018]
　JIN Xi-jun,QU Chun-yuan,ZHANG Yu-xian,et al.Effect of Intertillage on Soil Temperature and Water Content and Soybean Yield[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2015,(09):18.[doi:DOI:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.06.0018]
[5]孟　英,刘丽君,祖　伟,等.三江平原低湿地大豆“高垄平台”土壤温度的动态变化[J].黑龙江农业科学,2002,(03):11.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2002.03.0011]
　MENG Ying,LIU Li-jun,ZU Wei,et al.The Dynamic of Soil Temperature in Soybean Field Cultivated with High -ridge and Platform on Low-wet Land of Sanjiang Plain[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2002,(09):11.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2002.03.0011]
[6]黄春艳,陈铁保,王　宇,等.土壤温度和降水量对乙草胺药效及药害的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2004,(01):13.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2004.01.0013]
　HUANG Chun-yan,CHEN Tie-bao,WANG Yu,et al.Influence of Soil Temperature and Rainfall on Effect and Injury of Acetochlor[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2004,(09):13.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2004.01.0013]
[7]牟蕴慧,张英臣,周　野,等.生草栽培对李园土壤温度及理化性质的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2007,(06):58.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2007.06.0058]
　MU Yun-hui,ZHANG Ying-chen,ZHOU Ye,et al.Effects of Sown Grass Cultivation on Soil Temperature and Chemical , Physical Characters in PlumOrchard[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2007,(09):58.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2007.06.0058]
[8]王　风,等.东北黑土区土壤温度变化特征[J].黑龙江农业科学,2006,(06):31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2006.06.0031]
　WANG Feng,SONG Chun-yu,et al.Characteristics of Soil Temperature Dynamics in the Black Soil Area of Northeast China[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2006,(09):31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2006.06.0031]
[9]高 盼,刘玉涛,杨慧莹,等.半干旱地区不同耕作方式对土壤水分含量和温度及玉米产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016,(10):19.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.10.0019]
　GAO Pan,LIU Yu-tao,YANG Hui-ying,et al.Effects of Different Tillage Measures on Water Content of Soil and Temperature of Soil and the Yield of Maize in Semi-arid Regions[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2016,(09):19.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.10.0019]
[10]宋秋来,王峭然,冯延江,等.寒地玉米秸秆还田条件下土壤CO2排放与土壤温度的关系[J].黑龙江农业科学,2017,(01):28.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.01.0028]
　SONG Qiu-lai,WANG Qiao-ran,FENG Yan-jiang,et al.Relationship Between CO2 Emission of Soil and Soil Temperature Under Maize Straw Returning in Cold Region[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2017,(09):28.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.01.0028]
[11]耿运江,董合干,周明冬,等.可降解地膜覆盖对巩留县玉米产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016,(03):22.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.03.0022]
　GENG Yun-jiang,DONG He-gan,ZHOU Ming-dogn,et al.Effect of Degradable Mulch Film on Maize Yield in Gongliu[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2016,(09):22.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.03.0022]
[12]周明冬,秦晓辉,王祥金,等.可降解地膜覆盖对尉犁县棉花产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016,(03):30.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.03.0030]
　ZHOU Ming-dongQIN Xiao-hui,WANG Xiang-jin,DONG He-gan,et al.Effect of Degradable Mulch Film on Cotton Yield in Yuli County[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2016,(09):30.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.03.0030]

备注/Memo

收稿日期：2022-06-02

基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2020YFD1000903）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFB0302400）；黑龙江省绿色有机农业协同创新与推广体系。
第一作者：刘淼（1983-），女，博士，助理研究员，从事作物遗传育种与耕作栽培研究。E-mail:liumiao8349@163.com。
通信作者：邸树峰（1973-），男，学士，正高级农艺师，从事作物遗传育种与耕作栽培研究。E-mail:317289865@qq.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2022-12-25