ZHANG You-zhi,WU Li.Dynamic Change of Wetland and Driving Force Analysis of Sanjiang Plain[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2010,(12):151-154.
三江平原湿地动态变化及驱动力分析
- Title:
- Dynamic Change of Wetland and Driving Force Analysis of Sanjiang Plain
- 文章编号:
- 1002-2767（2010）12-0151-04
- Keywords:
- wetland; dynamic change; driving force; Sanjiang Plain
- 分类号:
- X37
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以1993年和2003年2个时期的TM和ETM图像作为基本的信息源，在实地考察和资料分析的基础上，利用Erdas软件对三江平原地区湿地数据进行提取。结果表明：(1)从土地变化结构上来看，2003年较1993年，三江平原的湿地、林地、草地面积呈减少趋势，其中湿地减少的最多，达到75.05%；耕地、水域、居民点面积增加，其中耕地的面积增加最大，为23.32%。(2)通过三江平原湿地空间变化分析可知，10 a间耕地增加了924 513.33 hm2，湿地变为耕地414 125.33 hm2，占湿地减少面积的70.46%，湿地转化为耕地的贡献率为44.79%；但是耕地转换为其它土地利用类型的面积很少。从得到的结果分析，影响三江平原湿地面积变化有3个原因：气温升高、年降水量减少使湿地面积退缩;人口增加加快了人类开垦湿地的步伐;空间区位因子的变化对于湿地的减少具有很大的影响。基于上述原因，提出了合理利用三江平原湿地和相应的保护对策的建议。
- Abstract:
- Using the 1993 and 2003 TM and ETM images as the basic source of information,based on the on-the-spot investigation and material analysis,the data of the Sanjiang Plain wetlands were extracted by Erdas software.The results showed that:（1） from the land change structure point of view,compared with 1993,the wetland,woodland and grassland in Sanjiang Plain tended to decrease in 2003,which wetlands decreased the most,up to 75.05%;cultivated land,water,residential area increased,of which the largest increase was cultivated land area,up to 23.32%.（2）Through the spatial variation of the Sanjiang Plain wetlands analysis,farmland increased 924 513.3 hm2,wetlands turned to arable land was 414 125.3 hm2,accounting for 70.46% of reducing wetlands area,wetlands turned into arable land contribution rate of 44.79%;but the farmland converted to other land use types was very little.The reasons that affected the change of wetland in the Sanjiang Plain were:increasing temperature and decreasing rainfall reduced the wetland area;Human population growth accelerated the pace of reclamation of wetlands;Spatial location factor had great impact on the reduction of wetlands.For these reasons,some protection policies of reasonable using the Sanjiang Plain wetlands were proposed.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介： 张有智（1979-），男，黑龙江省鹤岗市人，学士，助理研究员，从事农业遥感研究。E-mail：zhangyouzhi68@sina.com。