LIANG Wenwei,BI Yingdong,FAN Chao,et al.Research Progress on Biological and Ecological Control Strategies for Soybean Root Rot[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2025,(08):115-123.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.08.0115]
大豆抗根腐病生物与生态防治策略研究进展
- Title:
- Research Progress on Biological and Ecological Control Strategies for Soybean Root Rot
- 文章编号:
- 15
- Keywords:
- soybean root rot; biological control; ecological regulation; rhizosphere microorganisms; green prevention and control
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 大豆根腐病作为制约全球大豆产业可持续发展的关键土传病害，长期依赖化学农药的防治模式，已引发病原菌抗药性攀升、土壤微生态失衡等系列问题，传统农业措施如轮作周期长、深耕成本高，难以满足现代生产需求。生物防治与生态调控的协同策略成为绿色防控的核心方向。为了解析大豆根腐病绿色防控机制，推动防控策略从化学依赖向“多菌协同-生境重塑”转型，系统综述了“病原菌抑制-免疫激活-微生态修复”的三维协同机制：生物防治菌剂（如芽孢杆菌分泌抗生素、木霉菌重寄生作用）直接抑制病原菌生长；植物免疫激发子（如壳寡糖、蛋白类激发子）通过MAPK和水杨酸信号通路激活防御酶系统；生态调控措施（轮作、有机肥配施）重构根际微生态，提升有益菌群丰度。多维度协同可使大豆根腐病发病率降低30%~45%，同步提升蛋白质含量2.0%~3.2%，在黑龙江省绥化等大豆主产区已形成可复制的防控模式。生防菌剂与生态调控通过“生物杀灭-生态排斥”双重屏障抑制病原菌，同时通过激活植物免疫系统与优化微生态环境可实现“短期控病-长期提质”。未来研究可围绕微生物组定向调控、智能传感精准施用及多学科交叉技术创新，构建“预防-抑制-修复”一体化精准防控体系，助力全球大豆产业可持续发展。
- Abstract:
- Soybean root rot, a key soil-borne disease restricting the sustainable development of the global soybean industry, has triggered a series of problems such as rising pathogen resistance and soil microecological imbalance due to long-term reliance on chemical pesticides. Traditional agricultural measures, such as long-cycle crop rotation and high-cost deep plowing, are difficult to meet the needs of modern production. The synergistic strategy of biological control and ecological regulation has become the core direction of green prevention and control. This paper systematically reviewed the three-dimensional synergistic mechanism of “pathogen inhibition-immunity activation-microecology restoration”, biocontrol agents (such as antibiotics secreted by Bacillus and hyperparasitic action of Trichoderma) directly inhibited pathogen growth. And plant immune elicitors (such as chitosan oligosaccharides and protein elicitors) activated the defense enzyme system through MAPK and salicylic acid signaling pathways. Ecological regulation measures (crop rotation and organic fertilizer application) reconstructed the rhizosphere microecology and increased the abundance of beneficial microbial communities. Multidimensional collaboration reduced the incidence of soybean root rot by 30% to 45%, simultaneously increasing protein content by 2.0% to 3.2%, and replicable control models had been formed in major soybean producing areas such as Suihua, Heilongjiang. Studies showed that biocontrol agents and ecological regulation inhibited pathogens through a dual barrier of “biological killing-ecological exclusion”, and achieved “short-term disease control-long-term quality improvement” by activating the plant immune system and optimizing the microecological environment. Future research could focus on directional regulation of the microbiome, precise application of intelligent sensing, and interdisciplinary technological innovation to construct an integrated “prevention-inhibition-restoration” precision control system, contributing to the sustainable development of the global soybean industry.
相似文献/References:
[1]申宏波,丁俊杰,胡志凤,等.芽孢杆菌菌株69制剂对几种大豆病害的防治效果[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012,(09):53.
SHEN Hong-bo,DING Jun-jie,HU Zhi-feng,et al.Effect of Bacillus 69 Preparations on Soybean Disease[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(08):53.
[2]邢燕燕,韩俊艳,刘广纯.我国园林植物病虫害的综合防治措施[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(08):51.
XING Yan-yan,HAN Jun-yan,LIU Guang-chun.The Analysis of the Prevention and Control of Garden Plant Diseases and Insect Pests[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(08):51.
[3]王连霞.大豆食心虫发生规律及生物防治技术[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011,(02):59.
WANG Lian-xia.Occurrence and Biological Control of Soybean Pod Borer Technology[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2011,(08):59.
[4]张丽艳,张国民,马军韬,等.真菌病毒的研究现状及其在生物防治上的应用[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(08):150.
ZHANG Li-yan,ZHANG Guo-min,MA Jun-tao,et al.Research Progress and Application on Fungal Virus[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(08):150.
[5]王立达,赵秀梅,周传余,等.应用赤眼蜂防治向日葵螟的效果研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010,(07):69.
WANG Li-da,ZHAO Xiu-mei,ZHOU Chuan-yu,et al.Studies on the Effect of Controlling the Sunflower Moth by the Trichogramma[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2010,(08):69.
[6]韦智钟,刘梦雅,李真,等.大蒜内生菌的分离及其抑菌作用的研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(12):5.
WEI Zhi-zhong,LIU Meng-ya,LI Zhen,et al.Research on the Separation and Bacteriostasis of Garlic Endophytes[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(08):5.
[7]董佩佩,康涛,孙漫红,等.粉红粘帚霉67-1厚垣孢子形成与贮存研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(10):48.
DONG Pei-pei,KANG Tao,SUN Man-hong,et al.Formation and Storage of Clonostachys rosea 67-1 Chlamydospores[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(08):48.
[8]王洁雯,刘奇志,周 成.国外康氏粉蚧的发生与防治[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(11):165.
WANG Jie-wen,LIU Qi-zhi,ZHOU Cheng.Control of Pseudococcus comstocki in Foreign Countries[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(08):165.
[9]赵 丹,曲红云,温 玲,等.木霉菌株分离筛选及对茄子黄萎病防治作用的研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015,(01):48.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.01.0048]
ZHAO Dan,QU Hong-yun,WEN Ling,et al.Study on Separation and Screening of Trichoderma Strain and Control Effect of Verticillium Wilt[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2015,(08):48.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.01.0048]
[10]赵云彤,时新瑞,解国庆.牡丹江丘陵区大豆食心虫发生动态及其防治技术的研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015,(01):57.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.01.0057]
ZHAO Yun-tong,SHI Xin--rui,XIE Guo-qing.Research on Occurrence Dynamic and Control Technology for Leguminivora glycinivorella in Mudanjiang Hilly Region[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2015,(08):57.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.01.0057]
备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-04-23基金项目：黑龙江省博士后资助项目（LBH-Z24277）。