Institute of Rural Revitalization Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 00,et al.Comparative on Fruit Separation Ability of 10 Different Subspecies of Hippophae rhamnoides Strains at Maturity[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2023,(10):42-46.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.10.0042]
十个不同亚种沙棘株系成熟期果实分离力比较
- Title:
- Comparative on Fruit Separation Ability of 10 Different Subspecies of Hippophae rhamnoides Strains at Maturity
- 文章编号:
- 8
- Keywords:
- sea-buckthorn; fruit; separation force
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为筛选适于振动采收的果实分离力小的沙棘株系，以10个不同沙棘亚种株系为试验材料，测定了果枝-果柄分离力、果柄-果实分离力、果柄长度、果实硬度等相关指标，探讨沙棘果枝-果柄分离力、果柄-果实分离力与果柄长度、果实硬度之间的关系。结果表明，中蒙杂交沙棘亚种中1～3号为小型果品系，果实较小，圆形或扁圆形，颜色为黄色，果实大小及百果重均低于中、大型果实，可溶性固溶物含量与果实密度最高。4~5号为中果型沙棘品种，果实体积、百果重、果实密度均介于小果型与大果型沙棘之间，可溶性固溶物含量与大果型沙棘相近，果形为圆柱或椭圆形，颜色为黄色与橙黄色，风味偏酸；俄罗斯蒙古大果沙棘，果实体积与百果重均最大，果实密度明显小于小果型和中果型沙棘，可溶性固溶物与中果型近似，颜色分为黄色、橙黄、橘黄色，果形以圆柱和椭圆为主。果枝-果柄平均分离力（1.343 N）要大于果柄-果实分离力（1.087 N），大果型沙棘品系的果枝-果柄分离力与果柄-果实分离力的平均值均超过小果型沙棘品系。果柄与果实硬度的分析结果显示，随着参试材料果实分离力的增加，果柄长度呈现递增趋势，果实硬度呈降低趋势。因此试验中小果型沙棘分离力要小于大果型沙棘，但生产中，应用的震动采收装置，大果沙棘果柄长，对震动的传输效果好，因此大果型沙棘震动采收效果往往好于小果型沙棘。
- Abstract:
- In order to select seabuckthorn strains with low fruit separation ability suitable for vibration harvesting, 10 different subspecies of seabuckthorn strains were used as experimental materials to measure related indicators such as branch fruit stem separation ability, fruit stem fruit separation ability, fruit stem length, and fruit hardness. The relationship between seabuckthorn branch fruit stem separation ability, fruit stem fruit separation ability, fruit stem length, and fruit hardness was explored. The results showed that among the 10 test materials, No.1-No.5 were subspecies of hybrid seabuckthorn between China and Mongolia. Among them, No.1-No.3 were small fruit lines with small, round or oblate fruits with yellow color. The fruit size and weight per hundred fruits were lower than those of medium and large fruits, and the average soluble solid content and fruit density were the highest. The materials No. 4 and No. 5 are medium fruit seabuckthorn varieties, with fruit volume, fruit weight, and fruit density between small and large fruit seabuckthorn varieties. The soluble solid content is similar to that of large fruit seabuckthorn varieties, and the fruit shape is similar to that of large fruit seabuckthorn varieties, with cylindrical or elliptical shape. The color is yellow and orange yellow, with a slightly sour flavor. The No.6 to No.10 varieties are Russian large fruit seabuckthorn, with fruit volume and average weight exceeding that of small and medium fruit seabuckthorn. The average fruit density of large fruit seabuckthorn is significantly lower than that of small and medium fruit seabuckthorn. The soluble solid solution is similar to the middle fruit type. The colors are divided into yellow, orange, and orange, with cylindrical and elliptical fruit shapes as the main ones. The average separation force between fruit branch and fruit stem (1343 N) is greater than that between fruit stem and fruit (1.087 N), and compared to the small fruit type sea buckthorn strain, the middle fruit type sea buckthorn strain has a closer fruit separation force to the large fruit sea buckthorn strain. The average values of fruit branch fruit stem separation force and fruit stem fruit separation force of the large fruit type seabuckthorn strain are higher than those of the small fruit type seabuckthorn strain. In the analysis of fruit handle and fruit hardness, as the fruit separation force of the test materials increases, the length of the fruit handle shows an increasing trend, while the fruit hardness shows a decreasing trend. Therefore, in the experiment, the separation force of small fruit shaped seabuckthorn is smaller than that of large fruit shaped seabuckthorn. However, in production, the vibration harvesting device used has a long stem of large fruit seabuckthorn, which has a good transmission effect on vibration. Therefore, the vibration harvesting effect is often better than that of small fruit shaped seabuckthorn.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2023-03-05