WANG Zhenlong,SU Cuicui,ZHOU Qi,et al.Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Forage Quality of Helianthus tuberosus Linn. in Desertification Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2023,(08):37-43.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.08.0037]
不同施肥方式对荒漠化地区菊芋饲用品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Forage Quality of Helianthus tuberosus Linn. in Desertification Area
- 文章编号:
- 7
- Keywords:
- fertilization method; Helianthus tuberosus Linn; feed quality; principal component analysis; cluster analysis
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 针对甘肃省河西地区荒漠化地区面积大，水资源缺乏和生态环境脆弱导致现阶段“与粮争地、争水”矛盾上升的现实问题，选用多年生、抗旱、耐瘠薄且饲用价值较高的特色经济作物菊芋作为研究对象。分别设置6个有机肥（OM）配施常规尿素（N）或树脂包膜缓释尿素（HN）的施肥方式，即OM0+N1、OM0+HN1、OM1+N2、OM1+HN2、OM2+N3和OM2+HN3，测定菊芋全株生物量、块茎品质、茎叶营养成分等指标，分析不同施肥方式对菊芋饲用品质的影响。结果表明，OM2+HN3处理下的菊芋总生物量最高，为422.26 g·株-1，与OM0+N1和OM0+HN1处理差异显著；OM1+HN2处理下的菊糖含量为600.93 g·kg-1，与其他处理差异均显著；OM2+HN3处理下的菊芋脂肪、纤维在各处理中含量最大。采用主成分和聚类分析法综合评价，在不同施肥处理下菊芋饲用品质差异，结果表明，菊芋饲用品质综合排名依次为OM2+HN3、OM2+N3、OM1+HN2、OM1+N2、OM0+HN1和OM0+N1；不同施肥处理下菊芋饲用品质可分为3类，第Ⅰ类为OM2+HN3和OM2+N3处理下的品质最好；第Ⅱ类为OM1+HN2和OM1+N2处理下的品质良好；第Ⅲ类为OM0+HN1、OM0+N1处理下的品质一般。综上所述，氮肥减量，增施有机肥相对于不追施有机肥处理可显著提高菊芋饲用品质，配施缓释尿素处理下的菊芋饲用品质要高于普通尿素。
- Abstract:
- In view of the fact that the large area of desertification land， the lack of water resources and the fragile ecological environment in Hexi Region of Gansu Province have led to the rising contradiction between "competing for land and water with grain" at this stage. The characteristic cash crop Helianthus tuberosus， which is perennial， drought resistant， barren tolerant and has high feeding value， was selected as the research object. Six different fertilization methods are set respectively， with single nitrogen fertilizer as the control: OM0+N1， OM0+HN1， organic fertilizer with nitrogen fertilizer: OM1+N2， OM1+HN2， OM2+N3， OM2+HN3. The effects of different fertilization methods on the feeding quality of Helianthus tuberosus were analyzed. By measuring the relevant indicators of Helianthus tuberosus : aboveground biomass， underground biomass， total biomass， total sugar， reducing sugar， inulin， crude protein， crude fat， crude ash， acid detergent fiber， neutral detergent fiber. The results showed that the total biomass of H. tuberosus under OM2+HN3 treatment was the highest， at 422.26 g·plant-1， which was significantly different from OM0+N1 and OM0+HN1 treatments. The inulin content under OM1+HN2 treatment was 600.93 g·kg-1， which was significantly different from other treatments. The content of H. tuberosus fat and fiber under OM2+HN3 treatment was the highest among all treatments. Using principal component analysis and cluster analysis to comprehensively evaluate the differences in feed quality of H. tuberosus under different fertilization treatments. The results showed that the comprehensive ranking of H. tuberosus feeding quality was OM2+HN3， OM2+N3， OM1+HN2， OM1+N2， OM0+HN1， OM0+N1. The feeding quality of H. tuberosus under different fertilization treatments divided into three categories. The first category was OM2+HN3 and OM2+N3， which had the best quality. The second category was OM1+HN2 and OM1+N2， which had good quality. The third category was OM0+HN1 and OM0+N1， which had general quality. In summary， the feed quality of H. tuberosus can be significantly improved by reducing nitrogen fertilizer and increasing organic fertilizer compared with the treatment without topdressing organic fertilizer， and the feed quality of H. tuberosus under the treatment of slow release urea is higher than that of common urea.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2023-03-14