[1]高盼,刘玉涛,徐莹莹,等.秸秆覆盖与翻埋两种还田模式对农田土壤物理性质及玉米产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2021,(11):13-17.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.11.0013]
　GAO Pan,LIU Yu-tao,XU Ying-ying,et al.Effects of Maize Straw Mulching and Burying Returning tothe Field on Soil Physical Properties and Maize Yield[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2021,(11):13-17.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.11.0013]
点击复制

秸秆覆盖与翻埋两种还田模式对农田土壤物理性质及玉米产量的影响

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2021年11 页码: 13-17 栏目: 出版日期: 2021-11-10
Title:
Effects of Maize Straw Mulching and Burying Returning tothe Field on Soil Physical Properties and Maize Yield
作者:
高盼; 刘玉涛; 徐莹莹; 杨慧莹; 王晨; 王宇先; 徐婷
黑龙江农业科学院 齐齐哈尔分院，黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161006
Author(s):
GAO Pan; LIU Yu-tao; XU Ying-ying; YANG Hui-ying; WANG Chen; WANG Yu-xian; XU Ting
Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006，China
关键词:
玉米; 秸秆还田; 秸秆覆盖; 秸秆翻埋; 土壤物理性质; 水分利用效率; 产量
Keywords:
maize; straw returning; straw mulching; straw burying; soil physical properties; water use efficiency; yield
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.11.0013
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了探索半干旱区玉米秸秆覆盖与翻埋两种还田模式对土壤物理性质及玉米产量的影响，本试验设置常规栽培(CK)和秸秆覆盖还田、秸秆翻埋还田2种还田方式，在玉米成熟期进行土壤容重、土壤孔隙度、土壤三相比R值及玉米产量的测定。结果表明：与CK相比，成熟期覆盖还田和翻埋还田各土层的平均土壤容重分别下降4.35%和5.80%、土壤孔隙度分别提高了5.13%和6.03%、土壤含水量较CK均降低了14.81%、水分利用率分别提高了16.35%和16.20%、土壤温度分别降低了7.69%和22.31%。秸秆还田在20～40 cm土层显著降低了土壤三相比R值，覆盖还田和翻埋还田处理的土壤三相比R值分别较CK降低了56.50%和63.43%。翻埋还田和覆盖还田的百粒重分别较CK增加了15.42%和1.25%，产量分别较对照增加17.20%和15.02%。说明秸秆覆盖还田处理和翻埋还田处理均能改善土壤物理性质、提高水分利用效率和玉米产量。
Abstract:
In order to explore the effects of maize straw mulching and burying returning to the field on soil physical properties and maize yield in semiarid area,in this experiment,conventional cultivation(CK),straw mulching and straw burying were set up.The soil bulk density,soil porosity,soil threephase ratio Rvalue and maize yield were measured at the mature stage of maize.The results showed that compared with CK,the average soil bulk density of each soil layer of mulching and burying at maturity decreased by 4.35% and 5.80% respectively,and the soil porosity increased by 5.13% and 6.03% respectively.The soil water content of mulching and burying treatment decreased by 14.81% and 14.81%,the water use efficiency increased by 16.35% and 16.20%,and the soil temperature decreased by 7.69% and 22.31% respectively.Straw returning significantly reduced the soil threephase R value in the soil layer of 2040 cm,and the Rvalue of mulching and burying treatment decreased by 56.50% and 63.43% compared with CK.Compared with CK,the weight of 100seed increased by 15.42% and 1.25% respectively,and the yield increased by 17.20% and 15.02% respectively.In conclusion,straw mulching and burying can improve soil physical properties,water use efficiency and maize yield.

参考文献/References:

［1］王宁堂，王军利，李建国，等.农作物秸秆综合利用现状、途径及对策[J].陕西农业科学， 2007(2):112-115?

［2］梁榕旺，徐淑莉.我国秸秆资源现状及其利用[J].畜牧与饲料科学，2011,32(11): 21-22.
［3］董智，解宏图，张立军，等.东北玉米带秸秆覆盖免耕对土壤性状的影响[J].玉米科学，2013,21(5): 100-108.
［4］匡恩俊，迟凤琴，宿庆瑞，等.不同还田方式下玉米秸秆腐解规律的研究[J].玉米科学，2012,20(2): 99-106.
［5］张聪，慕平，尚建明，等.长期持续秸秆还田对土壤理化特性、酶活性和产量性状的影响[J].水土保持研究，2018,25(1):92-98.
［6］杨晶秋， 刘金城.玉米秸秆直接还田后的转化及对土壤养分平衡的影响[J].土壤通报，1993(3):123-125.
［7］冀保毅，李潮海，赵亚丽，等.一种用立体几何知识分析土壤三相比数据的方法：CN 103197045A[P].2013-07-10.
［8］徐燕，霍仕平，邱诗春，等.玉米秸秆还田对土壤理化特性影响的研究[J].中国农学通报，2016,32(23):87-92.
［9］蔡红光，梁 尧，闫孝贡，等.东北黑土区秸秆不同还田方式下玉米产量及养分累积特征[J].玉米科学，2016,24(5): 68-74.
［10］高飞，贾志宽，路文涛，等.秸秆不同还田量对宁南旱区土壤水分、玉米生长及光合特性的影响[J].生态学报，2011,31(3):777-783.
［11］张帅，孔德刚，常晓慧，等.秸秆深施对土壤蓄水能力的影响[J].东北农业大学学报，2010,41(6):127-129.
［12］邹洪涛，马迎波，徐萌，等.辽西半干旱区秸秆深还田对土壤含水量、容重及玉米产量的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报，2012,43(4): 494-497.
［13］李东升，周为华，范佳，等.秸秆还田对土壤特性和作物生产的影响[J].安徽农学通报，2010,16(15): 4-15.
［14］王珍，冯浩.秸秆不同还田方式对土壤入渗特性及持水能力的影响[J].农业工程学报，2010,26 (4): 75-80.
［15］张帅，孔德刚，常晓慧，等.秸秆深施对土壤蓄水能力的影响[J].东北农业大学学报，2010,41(6):127-129.
［16］刘义国，刘永红，刘洪军，等.秸秆还田量对土壤理化性状及小麦产量的影响[J].中国农学通报，2013,29(3): 131-135.
［17］吴菲.玉米秸秆连续多年还田对土壤理化性状和作物生长的影响[D].北京：中国农业大学，2005.
［18］刘园，KHAN M J，靳海洋，等.秸秆生物炭对湖土作物产量和土壤性状的影响[J].土壤学报，2015,52(4):849-858.
［19］白伟，逄焕成，牛世伟，等.秸秆还田与施氮量对春玉米产量及土壤理化性状的影响[J].玉米科学，2015,23(3): 99-106.
［20］付国占，李潮海，王俊忠，等.残茬覆盖与耕作方式对土壤性状及夏玉米水分利用效率的影响[J].农业工程学报，2005,21(1): 52-56.

相似文献/References:

[1]王静.西昌地区玉米自交系苗期耐低磷特性鉴定[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(02):5.
　WANG Jing.Identification of Resistance to Low-phosphorus Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines at Seedling Stage in Xichang Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(11):5.
[2]石凤梅,马立功.黑龙江省玉米大斑病菌小种生理分化的研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(02):63.
　SHI Feng-mei,MA Li-gong.Study on Physiological Race Differentiation of Exserohilum turcicum in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(11):63.
[3]孙广全,焦少杰,王黎明,等.乌克兰玉米自交系芽期耐旱性鉴定[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(11):4.
　SUN Guang-quan,JIAO Shao-jie,WANG Li-ming,et al.Drought Tolerance Identification of Ukrainian Maize Inbred Lines at Bud Stage[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):4.
[4]马延华,孙德全,李绥艳,等.玉米自交系灌浆期抗倒性评价及抗倒性状的相关分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):5.
　MA Yan-hua,SUN De-quan,LI Sui-yan,et al.Evaluation of Lodging Resistance and Correlation Analysis of Lodging Resistance Characters for Maizenbred Lines During Grain filling Period[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):5.
[5]杨耿斌,刘兴焱,王立春,等.黑龙江早熟地区深松对玉米产量及土壤状态的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):23.
　YANG Geng-bin,LIU Xing-yan,WANG Li-chun,et al.Effect of Subsoiling on Maize Yield and Soil Characteristics in Earlymaturing District of Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):23.
[6]王宇先.寒地半干旱地区膜上精播技术对玉米生长发育的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):29.
　WANG Yu-xian.Effect of Planting in Mulching Film on the Growth and Development of Maize Plant in Cold and Semi Arid Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):29.
[7]林红,何晶丽.玉米在畜牧养殖业中的有效利用[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):77.
　LIN Hong,HE Jing-li.Effective Utilization of Maize in Animal Husbandry[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):77.
[8]林 红,孙德全,李绥艳,等.玉米单倍体诱导系对不同类群F1的诱导率评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(06):12.
[9]张崎峰,蔡鑫鑫,李金良,等.黑龙江省高纬寒地大垄双行栽培模式下玉米品种筛选试验[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(06):22.
　ZHANG Qifeng,CAI Xinxin,LI Jinliang,et al.Screening Test of Maize Varieties under the Mode of Double Row Sowing with Big Ridge in High Latitude and Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):22.
[10]王明泉,苏俊,李春霞,等.不同密度及施肥量对玉米品种龙单42产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(05):49.
　WANG Ming quan,SU Jun,LI Chun xia,et al.Effects of Different Density and Fertilizer Amount on Yield of Maize Variety Longdan 42[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):49.
[11]刘志华,盖兆雪,李晓梅,等.秸秆还田对玉米产量形成及土壤肥力的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(07):42.
　LIU Zhi-hua,GAI Zhao-xue,LI Xiao-mei,et al.Effect of Straw Return on Maize Yield Components and Soil Fertility[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2014,(11):42.
[12]曾宪楠.秸秆还田模式对玉米生长发育及土壤理化性状的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012,(10):34.
　ZENG Xian-nan.Effects of Straw Return Mode on Maize Growthand Soil Physical and Chemical Properties[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(11):34.
[13]李大伟.玉米机收后秸秆粉碎还田方法及效果研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011,(07):53.
　LI Da-wei.Study on Method and Effect of Maize Straw Return to Soil after Chopping[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2011,(11):53.
[14]王 麒.秸秆还田下不同氮肥处理对玉米氮素吸收利用及产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010,(12):35.
　WANG Qi.Effects of Different N-fertilization on Nitrogen Absorption，Utilization and Yield of Maize with Straw in the Field[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2010,(11):35.
[15]王 麒,曾宪楠,孙 羽,等.秸秆还田下不同氮肥处理对玉米生长发育的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010,(10):45.
　WANG Qi,ZENG Xian-nan,SUN Yu,et al.Effects of Different N-fertilization on the Growth ofMaize with Straw in the Field[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2010,(11):45.
[16]宋秋来,王峭然,冯延江,等.寒地玉米秸秆还田条件下土壤CO2排放与土壤温度的关系[J].黑龙江农业科学,2017,(01):28.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.01.0028]
　SONG Qiu-lai,WANG Qiao-ran,FENG Yan-jiang,et al.Relationship Between CO2 Emission of Soil and Soil Temperature Under Maize Straw Returning in Cold Region[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2017,(11):28.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.01.0028]
[17]徐莹莹,王俊河,刘玉涛,等.耕作与秸秆还田方式对连作玉米田根际微生物及酶活性的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2018,(07):1.[doi:10.11942/j.issn10022767.2018.07.0001]
　XU Ying-ying,WANG Jun-he,LIU Yu-tao,et al.Effects of Tillage and Straw Returning on Microorganism and Enzyme Activity in Continuous Cropping Corn Field[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2018,(11):1.[doi:10.11942/j.issn10022767.2018.07.0001]
[18]徐莹莹,王俊河,刘玉涛,等.秸秆还田方式对玉米田AM真菌侵染效应及球囊霉素含量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2019,(03):36.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2019.03.0036]
　[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2019,(11):36.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2019.03.0036]
[19]宋勇,王宇先,赵蕾,等.免耕种植对玉米生长发育及产量效益的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2021,(09):15.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.09.0015]
　SONG Yong,WANG Yu-xian,ZHAO Lei,et al.Effects of No-tillage Planting on Maize Growth and Yield Benefit[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2021,(11):15.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.09.0015]
[20]徐妍,王宇先,赵蕾,等.黑龙江省半干旱区秸秆还田与氮肥配施对玉米产量及经济效益的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2023,(04):5.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.04.0005]
　XU Yan,WANG Yuxian,ZHAO Lei,et al.Effects of Straw Returning and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Maize Yield and Economic Benefit in Semiarid Region of Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2023,(11):5.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.04.0005]

备注/Memo

收稿日期：2021-08-24

基金项目：黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划（GA20B102-04）;科技计划创新激励项目（CNYGG-2021026，CNYGG-2021024）。
第一作者：高盼（1990-），女，硕士，助理研究员，从事土壤培肥与改良研究。E-mail：panneygao@126.com。
通信作者：刘玉涛（1968-），男，学士，研究员，从事耕作与栽培研究。E-mail：2013968839@qq.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2021-12-04