ZHANG Shi-xi,LU Tian,PU Yi-xiang,et al.Investigation Report on Distribution,Phenotypic Traits and Population Habitat of Wild Soybean Resources in Jiangsu Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2021,(04):5-10.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.04.0005]
江苏省野生大豆资源分布、表型性状及种群生境调查报告
- Title:
- Investigation Report on Distribution,Phenotypic Traits and Population Habitat of Wild Soybean Resources in Jiangsu Province
- Keywords:
- wild soybean; resource survey; resource protection
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为促进野生大豆保护，本文对江苏省7个地级市的205个样方内野生大豆种质资源分布、表型性状、种群生境及样方内生物组成进行考察、搜集和整理，分析了野生大豆及其伴生植物重要值、野生大豆生存现状，并对保护区和非保护区野生大豆保护情况进行了对比分析。结果表明：江苏省野生大豆分布范围广、类型多、生长环境各异，具有较丰富的表型变异。组成野生大豆居群的伴生植物共104种，隶属94属38科。含有种类数最多的科是菊科（22种），其次是禾本科（18种）、豆科（9种）。从江苏省野生大豆伴生植物重要值排序可以看出，野生大豆占有优势，总重要值达7.10；狗尾草重要值排第二位，为次优种。通过对野生大豆所处生境的调查，可以得出，野生大豆多生长在路旁、荒地、水边等地方；多为零星分布和片状分布，少数出现集中分布；多出现在无石头或石头较少的地方，但在石头较多的地方也能生长；野生大豆喜水，一般生长在水边。对205个样方中的野生大豆材料的形态学性状统计分析表明，大部分野生大豆表现为卵圆叶，若开花则为紫花。野生大豆的个体数量范围为1~55株〖DK1〗?m-2，平均16.71株〖DK1〗?m-2；盖度范围为3.00%~100.00%，平均盖度为49.84%。调查结果显示，野生大豆生长的地方大部分均遭到不同程度的人为破坏，主要为风景区、市政工程的拟建区。野生大豆大部分有轻微的病虫害，极少部分无病虫害。
- Abstract:
- In order to promote the protection of wild soybeans,the distribution of wild soybean germplasm resources,phenotypic traits,population habitats,and biological composition in the 205 plots of 7 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province were investigated,collected and sorted in this paper.The important value of wild soybeans and their associated plants,the survival status of wild soybeans,and the comparative analysis of the protection of wild soybeans in protected areas and non-protected areas.The results showed that wild soybeans in Jiangsu Province had a wide range of distribution.It grows in different habitats,and was abundant in phenotypic variation.There were 104 species of accompanying plants that make up the wild soybean population,belonging to 94 genera and 38 families.The family with the largest number of species was Compositae(22),followed by Gramineae (18) and Leguminosae (9) .From the ranking of the importance values of wild soybean companion plants in Jiangsu Province,it could be seen that wild soybean has the advantage,with a total importance value of 7.10;Setaria viridis ranked second in importance value and was the second best species.Through the investigation of the habitat of wild soybeans,it could be concluded that wild soybean accessions mostly grow on roadsides,wastelands,watersides,etc.,most of which were scattered and flaked,and a few are concentrated.Most of them grew in stone-free places or places with few rocks,while it could also grow in places with many rocks.Wild soybean grew near the water.According to the statistical analysis of the morphological characteristics of the wild soybean accessions in the 205 plots,most of them were oval leaves,and purple flowers if they bloom.The number of individual wild soybeans per square meter was 1-55,with an average of 16.71 per square meter; the coverage range was 3.00%-100.00%,and the average coverage was 49.84%.The survey results showed that most of the places where wild soybean grows had varying degrees of man-made damage,mainly scenic area and planned municipal projects.Most wild soybeans had mild pests and diseases,and a few were free of pests.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2020-11-13