WANG Li-ping,XIE Bao-sheng,GU Chun-mei,et al.Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Amount and Transplanting Density on Rice Growth and Qualities in Cold Region[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2019,(07):46-52.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2019.07.0046]
不同施氮量与插秧密度对寒地水稻生长发育及稻米品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Amount and Transplanting Density on Rice Growth and Qualities in Cold Region
- Keywords:
- nitrogen application rate; transplanting density; rice; yield; rice quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为建立适用于寒地水稻的高产优质栽培技术，以垦稻26为试验材料，设置2种氮肥用量（尿素250和200 kg·hm-2）和3种插秧密度［30 cm×10 cm；30 cm×12 cm（CK）；30 cm×14 cm］，探究不同施氮量和插秧密度下寒地粳稻生长发育及稻米品质的变化规律。结果表明：施氮量和插秧密度对寒地粳稻茎蘖动态、叶面积指数、地上部干物质积累以及产量均有显著影响。施氮水平的增加可以提高寒地粳稻分蘖数、叶面积指数、地上部干物质积累量和产量，同时施氮水平的增加显著提高了稻米的糙米率、青米率和蛋白质含量，显著降低了直链淀粉含量和食味值。插秧密度对寒地粳稻生长发育的影响因施肥水平不同而存在差异。常规施氮水平下，随插秧密度的降低，寒地粳稻分蘖数降低，而叶面积指数、地上部干物质积累量和产量先降低后升高；减氮水平下，随插秧密度的降低，除分蘖数外寒地粳稻生长发育的各个指标均呈先升后降趋势。各施氮水平下，插秧密度对寒地粳稻稻米品质影响不显著。综合考虑肥密互作对产量和品质的影响，本试验最佳处理为N1T3（尿素250 kg·hm-2，磷酸二铵155.4 kg·hm-2，氯化钾119.1 kg·hm-2，株距30 cm×14 cm）。
- Abstract:
- In order to establish high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques for rice in cold regions,we studied the growth and development of japonica rice in cold region under different N application level and transplanting density.Kendao 26 was selected as test materials,the experiment set two kinds of N application levels(250 and 200 kg·hm-2) and three transplanting densities (30 cm×10 cm; 30 cm×12 cm (CK); 30 cm×14 cm).The results showed that N application level and transplanting density had significant effects on tiller dynamics,leaf area index,dry matter accumulation of above ground and yield of japonica rice in cold region.The tiller number,leaf area index,shoot dry matter accumulation and yield of japonica rice in cold region were increased with the increase of nitrogen application level,while the brown rice rate,green rice rate and protein content were significantly increased with the increase of nitrogen application level,and amylose content and taste value were significantly decreased.The effect of transplanting density on the growth and development of japonica rice in cold region was different due to different fertilization levels.With the decrease of transplanting density,the tiller number of japonica rice decreased,while leaf area index,dry matter accumulation of above ground and yield decreased first and then increased under conventional nitrogen application level.Under different nitrogen levels,transplanting density had no significant effect on the quality of japonica rice in cold region.Considering the effect of fertilizer and density on yield and quality,the best treatment for this experiment was N1T3（urea 250 kg·hm-2，diammonium phosphate 155.4 kg·hm-2，potassium chloride 119.1 kg·hm-2，and plant×row spacing 30 cm×14 cm）.
参考文献/References:
［1］FAO．Statistical databases[DB/OL]．（2017-11-17）http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/Q/QC/E.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2018-12-06