ZHOU Rui,YANG Lei,WANG Xiyong,et al.Seed Germination Characteristics of Endangered Medicinal Ferula tadshikorum[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2023,(12):68-74.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.12.0068]
濒危药用植物塔吉克阿魏种子萌发特性
- Title:
- Seed Germination Characteristics of Endangered Medicinal Ferula tadshikorum
- Keywords:
- Ferula tadshikorum; seed dormancy; stratification; gibberellin
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 塔吉克阿魏（Ferula tadshikorum）是重要的珍稀药用植物资源，探究其种子休眠特性并找到解除休眠的方法，是对其开展种迁地保护和人工种植的基础与前提。以塔吉克阿魏种子为研究材料，通过室内控制试验法对果实和种子基本生物学特性、种子吸水性、种子结构、种子萌发抑制物进行研究，并分析了萌发温度、层积处理、不同浓度GA3的交互处理对其萌发率、萌发势、萌发指数的影响。结果表明，种皮不阻碍种子吸水，果实形态成熟时种胚形态发育完全。种子粉末浸取液对小白菜种子萌发有显著抑制作用。使用15 ℃/5 ℃萌发温度，不使用GA3浸种，低温层积45 d能显著提高塔吉克阿魏种子萌发率。塔吉克阿魏种子休眠类型为生理休眠，是由于种子内萌发抑制物质和种胚生理后熟共同作用引起的。播种前将种子层积45 d，而后置于12 h/12 h昼夜温度变化15 ℃/5 ℃的环境下萌发可有效解除种子休眠从而促进种子萌发。
- Abstract:
- Ferula tadshikorum is an important rare medicinal plant resource. Exploring the dormancy characteristics of its seeds and finding ways to break dormancy are the scientific basis and premise for its ex situ conservation and artificial cultivation. Taking its wild seeds as the research material， the basic biological characteristics of fruit and seed， seed water absorption， seed structure and seed germination inhibitors were studied by indoor control experiment method， and the effects of germination temperature， stratification treatment and interaction of different concentrations of GA3 on germination rate， germination potential and germination index were analyzed. The results showed that, the seed coat did not hinder seed water absorption and the embryo morphology developed completely when the fruit was mature. The seed powder leaching solution had a significant inhibitory effect on the germination of Chinese cabbage seeds. Using 15 ℃ /5 ℃ germination temperature， without GA3 soaking， low temperature stratification for 45 days can significantly improve the germination rate of F. tadshikorum seeds. The seed dormancy type of F. tadshikorum was physiological dormancy， which was caused by the combination of germination inhibitors in seeds and physiological after-ripening of embryo. Seed stratification for 45 days before sowing and then germination at 15 ℃ /5 ℃ can effectively relieve seed dormancy and promote seed germination.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2023-09-30