WANG Wenhui,LIU Xiaojuan,WEI Zhouquan,et al.Investigation on Diseases and Pests of Auricularia auricula-judae in Zhangxian County, Gansu Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2026,(02):41-45,62.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2026.02.0041]
甘肃漳县黑木耳病虫害调查
- Title:
- Investigation on Diseases and Pests of Auricularia auricula-judae in Zhangxian County, Gansu Province
- 文章编号:
- 6
- Keywords:
- Auricularia auricula judae; PCR amplification; fungal diseases; bacterial diseases; insect pests
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 黑木耳（Auricularia auricula-judae）人工种植历史悠久，营养价值非常高。定西市漳县将黑木耳产业作为培育新兴产业的重中之重，在东西部协作、“产业富县”等多项措施的推动下，黑木耳种植规模不断扩大，但当地黑木耳病虫害不断发生且逐年加重，影响黑木耳产量和品质，制约产业发展。为摸清漳县黑木耳病虫害发生种类，通过采集黑木耳菌包生长期间病害样本和出菇期虫害样本、DNA提取、PCR扩增及基因序列鉴定分析。精准鉴定出漳县地区黑木耳7种病原、8种害虫，通过分析明确该地区黑木耳真菌病害为侧耳木霉(Trichoderma pleuroticola)、普通青霉(Penicillium commune)、皮壳青霉（Penicillium crustosum）和橘绿木霉(Trichoderma citrinoviride)，细菌病害为蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus）、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis）和霍氏肠杆菌（Enterobacter hormaechei)，虫害为异迟眼蕈蚊(Bradysia impatiens)、厉眼蕈蚊(Lycoriella ingenua)、驼背合大蚊(Symplecta hybrida)、广粪蚊(Coboldia fuscipes)、开环缘蝽（Stictopleurus minutus）、瘿蚊科的某个未确定种的昆虫(Cecidomyiidae sp.)、眼蕈蚊科的某个未确定种的昆虫（Sciaridae sp.)和花蚤科的某个未确定种的昆虫（Anthicidae sp.）。调查地黑木耳优势害虫异迟眼蕈蚊、厉眼蕈蚊及一种不明种的瘿蚊，均为本地首次研究。
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-09-10