WANG Junyu,YANG Fenfen,GENG Wenjuan,et al.Comprehensive Evalution of Drying Quality Characteristics of European Plum (Prunus domestica L.) Fruit[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2025,(08):88-100.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.08.0088]
欧洲李果实制干品质特性的综合评价
- Title:
- Comprehensive Evalution of Drying Quality Characteristics of European Plum (Prunus domestica L.) Fruit
- 文章编号:
- 12
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为明确欧洲李适宜制干品种特性促进其开发利用，以轮台果树资源圃6个欧洲李品种为研究对象，对制干品质及抗氧化活性进行分析。结果表明，轮台产地成熟期较早品种‘塔城酸梅’和‘法兰西’户外自然晾晒天数较短，整果晾晒天数分别为24和26 d，成熟期较晚的品种‘总统’更适宜采用半果户外自然晾晒的方式，该产地整果‘法兰西’制干率最高，为35.44%。不同品种间的果干品质存在显著差异。外观品质中，轮台产的‘总统’整果果干横径、单果质量分别为36.15 mm和23.16 g，显著高于同产地整果其他品种。内在品质中，轮台产的整果果干达到自然晾晒制干标准的失水率在64.56%～69.81%之间；所有果干还原糖含量为14.92%～33.24%、可溶性糖为9.12%～12.36%、可滴定酸为0.62%～2.24%；整果与半果果干的内在品质性状差异较小。抗氧化活性物质中，整果果干维生素C为0.23～1.41 mg·（100 g）-1、类黄酮为26.65～41.88 μmol·g-1、总酚为96.25～146.25 μmol·g-1。相关性分析发现抗氧化活性物质对于提高果干自由基清除率意义重大。主成分筛选出5个特征值大于1的公因子，综合评价表明果干品质最好的是轮台产的‘总统’半果果干，其他果干按照品质由高到低依次是轮台产的‘女神’半果果干和整果果干、‘塔城酸梅’半果果干及叶城产的‘法兰西’整果果干。
- Abstract:
- In order to clarify the suitable drying varieties of European plum to promote their development and utilization, six European plum varieties in Luntai Fruit Tree Resource Nursery were used as research objects to analyze the drying quality and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the outdoor natural drying days of ‘Tacheng Suanmei’ and ‘France’ were shorter, and there’s whole fruit drying days were 24 d and 26 d, respectively. The late maturing variety ‘President’ was more suitable for half-fruit outdoor natural drying. The whole fruit ‘France’ had the highest drying rate of 35.44%. There were significant differences in the quality of dried fruit among different varieties. In terms of external quality, the equatorial diameter and single fruit weight of ‘President’ (Luntai) were 36.15 mm and 23.16 g, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of other varieties of whole fruit in the same production area. In the internal quality, the water loss rate of the whole fruit (Luntai) was between 64.56%-69.81%, which reached the standard of natural drying. The contents of reducing sugar, soluble sugar and titratable acid were 14.92%-33.24%, 9.12%-12.36% and 0.62%-2.24%, respectively. There was little difference in internal quality between whole fruit and half-fruit. Among the antioxidant active substances, vitamin C was 0.23-1.41 mg·(100 g)-1, flavonoids was 26.65-41.88 μmol·g-1, and total phenols was 96.25-146.25 μmol·g-1. Correlation analysis showed that antioxidant active substances were of great significance for improving the free radical scavenging rate of dried fruit. Principal component analysis revealed five common factors with eigenvalues greater than 1. The comprehensive evaluation showed that the best quality of dried fruit was half-fruit ‘President’ (Luntai), and the other dried fruit were half-fruit ‘Empress’ (Luntai), whole fruit ‘Empress’(Luntai), half-fruit ‘Tacheng Suanmei’ (Luntai), whole fruit ‘France’ (Yecheng) according to the quality from high to low.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-02-14