ZHANG Jiazhi,ZHAO Yuhan,YANG Xiaohe,et al.Effects of Different Seeding Densities on Seedling Quality and Enzyme Activity of Rice in Cold Region Under “Double Immunity” Mode[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2024,(05):1-6.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2024.05.0001]
“双免”模式下不同播种密度对寒地水稻秧苗素质及酶活性的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Seeding Densities on Seedling Quality and Enzyme Activity of Rice in Cold Region Under “Double Immunity” Mode
- 文章编号:
- 1
- Keywords:
- rice; “double immunity” mode; seeding density; seedling quality; enzyme activity
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为有效缓解当前寒地水稻生产成本高、用工难、生产效率低等问题，促进节本增效和农业可持续发展，以垦粳8号为供试品种，采用单因素随机区组设计，播种量设4个水平处理（B1、B2、B3和 B4干种子量分别为100， 200， 250和 300 g·盘-1），常规处理（CK，100 g·盘-1），研究“双免”技术下不同播种密度对水稻出苗率、秧苗素质、α-淀粉酶活性及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明，“双免”模式下，显著或极显著提高了水稻苗期出苗率、成苗率、胚乳残留量，B3处理较CK处理出苗率、成苗率和胚乳残留量2年平均增加10.77%、13.16%和46.19%；但随着播种量的增加，秧苗的茎基宽、根数、第一叶耳间距以及地上部干物质量均呈降低趋势。“双免”模式下水稻苗期α-淀粉酶活性破胸期-立针期极显著高于常规对照，1.1叶期-2.1叶期极显著低于常规对照；随着播种密度的升高α-淀粉酶活性（立针期-2.1叶期）呈先降低后升高趋势，且随着种子的萌发生长α-淀粉酶活性呈逐渐降低趋势。水稻苗期叶片抗氧化酶活性“双免”模式均低于常规对照，超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶趋势一致，均随着播种密度的升高呈逐渐降低趋势。
- Abstract:
- In order to effectively alleviate the problems of high production cost, difficult labor and low production efficiency of rice in cold areas, promote cost saving, efficiency increase and sustainable agricultural development. The experiment took Kenjing 8 as the test variety, and a single factor randomized block design was adopted: sowing amount 4 level (B1, B2, B3 and B4 dry seed amount 100, 200, 250 and 300 g per plate, respectively), and conventional treatment (CK, 100 g per plate). The effects of different seeding densities on rice emergence rate, seedling quality, α-amylase activity and antioxidant enzyme activity were studied. The results showed that under the “double immunity” mode of no soaking seed and no spurting, the emergence rate, seedling formation rate and endosperm residue of rice seedling were significantly increased. Compared with CK treatment, B3 treatment increased by 10.77% (emergence rate), 13.16% (seedling formation rate) and 46.19% (endosperm residue) in 2 years. However, with the increase of seeding amount, the stem base width, root number, the distance between the first ear and the dry matter mass of the above ground decreased. The activity of α-amylase in seedling stage was significantly higher than that in conventional control at thoracolapril-injection stage, and significantly lower at 1.1 leaf stage -2.1 leaf stage under double immunity mode. The α-amylase activity decreased first and then increased with the increase of seeding density, and decreased gradually with the germination and growth of seeds. The activity of antioxidant enzymes in rice leaves in the “double immunity” mode was lower than that in the conventional control, and the trends of superoxide dismutase and catalase showed a decreasing trend with the increase of seeding density.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-02-11