ZHAO Yue,JI Jinghong,HAO Xiaoyu,et al.Research Progress on Cultivated Land Improvement inLow-Lying and Waterlogged-Prone Areas[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2023,(11):151-156.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.11.0151]
低洼易涝区耕地改良研究进展
- Title:
- Research Progress on Cultivated Land Improvement inLow-Lying and Waterlogged-Prone Areas
- 文章编号:
- 26
- Keywords:
- lowland; waterlogging; soil; agricultural production; improvement
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 低洼地是地势较低的一类耕地,其易受涝渍影响,土壤生产力低,作物产量低而不稳,是典型的中低产田,提高低洼地生产力对粮食稳产及农业可持续发展尤为重要。本文通过文献汇总,分析了当前我国低洼易涝区涝渍胁迫的形成原因和对农业生产的影响。研究表明涝渍胁迫改变了土壤的通透性、酸碱度以及土壤有机质含量等理化性质,影响土壤酶活性和微生物活性,抑制作物根系、叶片等器官的发育,进而导致作物减产;同时,从农业措施、工程措施和生物措施3个方面,总结了机械改土、栽培措施、秸秆还田、轮作、有机肥施用、田间排水(暗管排水、明沟排水和鼠道排水),以及选育耐涝渍种质资源等技术对低洼易涝区耕地的改良效果,并提出研究展望。
- Abstract:
- Lowland is a kind of cultivated soil with low terrain, it is vulnerable to waterlogging. It′s a typical medium-low yield field with lower soil productivity and unstable crop yield. It′s particularly important for stable grain yield and sustainable agricultural development to improve productivity of lowland. This paper analyzed 〗the causes of waterlogging stress in low-lying and waterlogged-prone areas and effects on agricultural production by summarizing literatures, results showed that waterlogging stress changed the physicochemical properties of soil such as permeability, pH and soil organic matter content, affected the activities of enzymes and microorganisms 〗in the soil, inhibited the growth of crop roots, leaves and other organs, which led to crop yield reduction; at the same time, this paper summarized the improvement of cultivated land in low-lying and waterlogged-prone areas from three aspects of agricultural measures, engineering measures and biological measures, it included technologies such as mechanical soil amelioration, cultivation measures, straw return, rotation, organic fertilizer application, 〗field drainage (subsurface drainage, open ditch drainage and mole drainage) and breeding waterlogging tolerance germplasm resources and so on. It proposed research prospects, in order to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of medium-low yield fields under waterlogging stress.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-05-07