SONG Ying-bo,ZHANG Hong-quan,MENG Fan-xiang,et al.Effects of Nitrogen and Density Interaction on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Maize Cultivar Heyu 187[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2021,(07):6-10.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2021.07.0006]
氮密互作对玉米品种和育187农艺性状及产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Nitrogen and Density Interaction on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Maize Cultivar Heyu 187
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了提高玉米品种和育187的种植技术水平，充分发挥栽培措施的增产增收潜力，本研究采用裂区试验，主区为种植密度，设3个密度水平，分别为M1为52 500株?hm-2，M2为60 000株?hm-2和M3为75 000株? hm-2；副区为施氮水平，设3种施氮量，分别N0为纯氮0 kg? hm-2，N1为纯氮150 kg? hm-2 ，N2为纯氮300 kg?hm-2，研究种植密度与施氮量对和育187各农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明：在同一密度水平下，随着施氮量的增加，株高、穗位、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数和百粒重均逐渐增大，空秆率和倒伏率也随着施氮量的增加而增加。在N1水平时玉米产量最高为5 916.2 kg?hm-2，N1和N2水平下玉米产量差异不显著。在同一施肥水平下，随着种植密度的增加，穗长缩短、穗粗变细、穗行数减少、行粒数减少、百粒重降低，M1水平下的玉米产量和 M2水平下的玉米产量差异均达极显著水平，与M3水平下的玉米产量差异不显著。当玉米低密度种植时，增加施氮量不能获得高产量；当玉米高密度种植时，施氮不足会导致玉米群体营养不良，影响玉米籽粒干物质积累，玉米产量降低；合理地调节施氮量和种植密度才能获得理想产量。
- Abstract:
- In order to improve the planting technology level of Heyu 187 and give full play to the potential of increasing yield and income of cultivation measures,this study adopted a split plot experiment design.The main plot was the planting density,and three density levels were set,M1 was 52 500 plants?hm-2,M2 was 60 000 plants?hm-2 and M3 was 75 000 plants?hm-2.The secondary area was the nitrogen application level.Three nitrogen application rates were set,N0 was pure nitrogen 0 kg?hm-2,N1 was pure nitrogen 150 kg?hm-2,and N2 was pure nitrogen 300 kg?hm-2,respectively.The effects of planting density and nitrogen application rate on the agronomic characters and yield of Heyu 187 were studied.The results showed that at the same density level,plant height,panicle position,panicle length,panicle diameter,number of rows per panicle,number of grains per row and 100-grain weight increased gradually with the increase of nitrogen application rate,while the empty stem rate and lodging rate also increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.The maximum maize yield at N1 level was 5 916.2 kg?hm-2,and there was no significant difference between N1 level and N2 level.Under the same fertilization level,with the increase of planting density,ear length,ear diameter,row number of ears,row number of grains and 100-kernel weight decreased,the maize yield under M1 level and M2 level were all significantly different,but not significantly different from that under M3 level.When maize was planted with low density,higher yield could not be obtained by increasing N application rate.When maize was planted with high density,insufficient nitrogen application would lead to malnutrition of maize population,which would affect dry matter accumulation of maize grains and decrease maize yield.The ideal yield can only be obtained by adjusting the nitrogen application and planting density reasonably.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2021-04-19