[1]王柏,廖梅芳,孙梦琦,等.生物炭与化肥配施对拔节期玉米根系生长及土壤的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2020,(02):28-32.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2020.02.0028]
　WANG Bai,LIAO Mei-fang,SUN Meng-qi,et al.Effects of Combined Application of Biochar and Chemical Fertilizer on Root Growth and Soil of Maize at Jointing Stage[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2020,(02):28-32.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2020.02.0028]
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生物炭与化肥配施对拔节期玉米根系生长及土壤的影响

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2020年02期 页码: 28-32 栏目: 出版日期: 2020-02-10
Title:
Effects of Combined Application of Biochar and Chemical Fertilizer on Root Growth and Soil of Maize at Jointing Stage
作者:
王柏; 廖梅芳; 孙梦琦; 刘庆红; 周文博; 王智慧
黑龙江八一农垦大学 农学院/黑龙江省秸秆炭化资源化工程技术研究中心/黑龙江省现代农业栽培技术与作物种质改良重点实验室，黑龙江 大庆 163319
Author(s):
WANG Bai; LIAO Mei-fang; SUN Meng-qi; LIU Qing-hong; ZHOU Wen-bo; WANG Zhi-hui
College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Heilongjiang Straw Carbonization and Resource Engineering Technology Research Center,Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province,Daqing 163319,China
关键词:
生物炭; 玉米; 肥料; 土壤; 根系
Keywords:
biochar;  maize;  fertilizer;  soil;  root system
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2020.02.0028
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为促进生物炭在农业生产中的广泛应用，采用室外盆栽试验的方法，设6个处理，分别为T（常规尿素+磷酸二铵+硫酸钾）、TB（常规尿素+磷酸二铵+硫酸钾+生物炭）、T1B（80%尿素+80%磷酸二铵+80%硫酸钾+生物炭）、T2B（80%尿素+磷酸二铵+硫酸钾+生物炭）、T3B（尿素+80%磷酸二铵+硫酸钾+生物炭）、T4B（尿素+磷酸二铵+80%硫酸钾+生物炭），研究生物炭与化肥配施对玉米根系生长及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：化肥配施生物炭各处理（TB、T1B、T2B、T3B、T4B）的根系生长发育各项指标（根长、根系直径、根系表面积、根系总投影面积、根系体积）均优于单施肥（T）处理，其中T4B（尿素+磷酸二铵+80%硫酸钾+生物炭）处理的根系生长发育指标显著优于其它处理。化肥配施生物炭及化肥减量配施生物炭的土壤紧实度均降低，其中T2B（80%尿素+磷酸二铵+硫酸钾+生物炭）处理土壤紧实度最低。且化肥配施生物炭及化肥减量配施生物炭的土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均较单施化肥有一定的提高。同时生物炭和肥料配施均可提高土壤过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性。生物炭的施用可在玉米拔节前期减少氮肥或钾肥施用量，并可促进玉米根系的生长发育。
Abstract:
In order to promote the widespread application of biochar in agricultural production，using the method of outdoor potteded experiment,set 6 treatments,which are T (conventional urea+ diammonium phosphate+ potassium sulfate) and TB (conventional urea+ diammonium phosphate+ potassium sulfate+ biochar),T1B (80% urea+ 80% diammonium phosphate+ 80% potassium sulfate+ biochar),T2B (80% urea+ diammonium phosphate+ potassium sulfate+ biochar),T3B (urea+ 80% phosphoric acid) Diammonium + potassium sulfate + biochar),T4B (urea+ diammonium phosphate +80% potassium sulfate+ biochar).The effects of biochar combined with chemical fertilizer on the growth of maize root system and the physical and chemical properties of soil were studied.The results showed that the various indicators of root growth and development (root length,root diameter,root surface area,total root projected area,and root volume) of each treatment (TB,T1B,T2B,T3B,T4B) with chemical fertilizer and biochar were better than those of single fertilization(T) treatment.Among them,urea+ diammonium phosphate+ 80% potassium sulfate+ biochar had the highest root growth and development.The soil compactness of chemical fertilizer combined with biochar and the reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with biochar decreased.Among them,80% urea+ diammonium phosphate+ potassium sulfate+ biochar had the lowest soil compaction.In addition,the total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium content of the soil with chemical fertilizer combined with biochar and the reduced amount of fertilizer combined with biochar increased to a certain extent compared with the application of chemical fertilizer alone.At the same time,the combined application of biochar and fertilizer could increase soil catalase,alkaline phosphatase,urease,and invertase activities.The application of biochar could reduce the amount of nitrogen or potassium fertilizer applied in the early stage of jointing of maize,and could promote the growth and development of maize root system.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期：2019-10-31

基金项目：国家十三五重点研发项目（2017YFD0200803）；黑龙江八一农垦大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（XC2018006）；黑龙江八一农垦大学三横三纵支持计划（ZRCPY201803）；中央引导地方科技发展专项（ZY16A06）；农垦总局课题（HNK135-02-05，HKKY190210-01)；黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目（GZ13B018）。
第一作者：王柏（1998-），男，在读学士，从事作物生理生态及土壤改良研究。E-mail:907666974@qq.com。
通信作者：王智慧（1984-），女，硕士，高级实验师，从事作物生理生态研究。E-mail: byndwzh@163.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2020-05-06