[1]吉庆勋,杨曼利,李志明,等.炭吸附聚谷氨酸对土壤肥力和作物产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2019,(07):53-58.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2019.07.0053]
　JI Qing-xun,YANG Man-li,LI Zhi-ming,et al.Effect of Carbon Adsorption Polyglutamic Acid on Soil Fertility and Crop Yield[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2019,(07):53-58.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2019.07.0053]
点击复制

炭吸附聚谷氨酸对土壤肥力和作物产量的影响

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2019年07期 页码: 53-58 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-07-10
Title:
Effect of Carbon Adsorption Polyglutamic Acid on Soil Fertility and Crop Yield
作者:
吉庆勋1; 杨曼利1; 李志明1; 张卫杰1; 党永富1; 乔传令1; 2
1.河南奈安生态治理有限公司 农药副作用及药害防控技术河南省工程实验室， 河南 郑州 450001；2.中国科学院动物研究所 农业虫鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室， 北京 100080
Author(s):
JI Qing-xun1; YANG Man-li1; LI Zhi-ming1; ZHANG Wei-jie1; DANG Yong-fu1; QIAO Chuan-ling1; 2
1.Henan Province Engineering Laboratory of the Side Effects of Pesticides and Injury Prevention and Control Technology,Henan Naian Ecological Management Limited Company,Zhengzhou 450001,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100080,China
关键词:
炭吸附聚谷氨酸; 有效氮; 有机质; 土壤肥力
Keywords:
carbon adsorption polyglutamic acid;  alkaline nitrogen;  organic matter;  soil fertility
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2019.07.0053
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探索在减肥情况下炭吸附聚谷氨酸对土壤养分和作物产量的影响，本研究通过连续两年的田间原位试验，试验设3个处理，CK：常规施肥,即施复合肥750 kg·hm-2；T1：减施30%化肥，即施复合肥525 kg·hm-2；T2：减施肥30%化肥+炭吸附聚谷氨酸，即施复合肥525 kg·hm-2和喷施炭吸附聚谷氨酸产品3.75 kg·hm-2，比较不同处理下的玉米和小麦产量，在玉米成熟后取0～20 cm土壤样品，测定土壤养分状况。结果表明：T2处理比对照，玉米平均增产3.2%，小麦增产8.1%，2017和2018年土壤有效氮分别提高9.9%和42.0%，土壤有效磷分别提高4.7%和3.4%，土壤速效钾分别提高3.0%和3.8%，土壤有机质分别提高7.1%和10.9%，且在土壤有效氮和有机质方面均达到了显著水平（P<0.05）; T2处理的土壤有效氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质含量较上一年分别提高35.7%、5.3%、2.5%和2.0%。两年试验初步表明使用炭吸附聚谷氨酸在减施30%化肥基础上可提高作物产量，提升土壤肥力。
Abstract:
In order to explore the effect of carbon-adsorbed polyglutamic acid on soil nutrients and crop yield under the condition of weight loss,three treatments were set up in the field for two consecutive years:,CK:conventional fertilization,i.e.compound fertilizer 750 kg·hm-2; T1:30% chemical fertilizer,i.e.compound fertilizer 525 kg·hm-2;T2:30% chemical fertilizer plus carbon-adsorbed polyglutamic acid,i.e.compound fertilizer 525 kg·hm-2 and spraying carbon.The yield of maize and wheat under different treatments was compared.Soil samples of 0-20 cm were taken after maize matured to determine soil nutrient status.The results showed that the average yield of maize and wheat increased by 3.2%,8.1%,9.9% and 42.0% respectively in 2017 and 2018,4.7% and 3.4% respectively in soil available nitrogen,3.0% and 3.8% in soil available potassium,7.1% and 10.9% in soil organic matter,respectively,compared with the control,and reached significant levels in soil available nitrogen and organic matter (P<0.05).The contents of available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter in soil increased by 35.7%,5.3%,2.5% and 2.0% respectively compared with the previous year.The two-year experiment preliminarily showed that the use of carbon-adsorbed polyglutamic acid could improve crop yield and soil fertility on the basis of reducing the application of 30% chemical fertilizer.

参考文献/References:

［1］林葆,林继雄,李家康.长期施肥的作物产量和土壤肥力变化[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1994(1):6-18.

[2]中华人民共和国统计局.2015年中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社，2015.
[3]陈小锋,揣小明,杨柳燕.中国典型湖区湖泊富营养化现状、 历史演变趋势及成因分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2014,30(4): 438-443.
[4]Zhang F S,Chen X P,Vitousek P.Chinese agriculture: An experiment for the world[J].Nature,2013,497(7447):33-35.
[5]罗付香,刘海涛,林超文,等.不同形态氮肥在坡耕地雨季土壤氮素流失动态特征[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(3):12-20.
[6]房丽萍,孟 军.化肥施用对中国粮食产量的贡献率分析——基于主成分回归C-D生产函数模型的实证研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29（17）:156-160.
[7]Lal R.Soil degradation as a reason for inadequate human nutrition[J].Food Security,2008,17(3):1282-1289.
[8]陈宗献．过量使用化肥带来的负面影响[J].福建农业,2000(9):10.
〖HJ2.1mm〗[9]中华人民共和国农业部.到2020年化肥使用量零增长行动方案[Z/OL].2015-03-18.http://www.moa.gov.cn/zwllm/tzgg/tz/201503/t20150318_4444765.htm,2015.
[10]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[11]陈东义,华振亮,卿树政,等.“炭吸附聚谷氨酸有机水溶肥”对玉米田减肥增产的作用[J].农学学报,2017,7(4):25-28.
[12]陈东义,华振亮,卿树政.冬小麦施用微蜜“炭吸附聚谷氨酸有机水溶肥”肥料减量技术试验报告[J].河南农业,2017(7):23-24.
[13]石明建.“大力士炭吸附聚谷氨酸”肥料在小麦上的减量技术试验示范报告[J].河南农业,2017(7):30-31.
[14]张宸.聚谷氨酸生物的合成及其在修复和改良土壤中的应用[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(2):323-328.
[15]李菊梅,王朝晖,李生秀,等.有机质、全氮和可矿化氮在反映土壤供氮能力方面的意义[J].土壤学报,2003,40(2):232-238.
[16]张璐,郝匕台,齐丽雪,等.草原群落生物量和土壤有机质含量对改良措施的动态响应[J].植物生态学报,2018,42(3):63-72.
[17]张晓松,王薇,孟春玲,等.白菜施用聚谷氨酸肥料增效剂保肥思效果初探[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015(10):65-69.
[18]褚群,董春娟,尚庆茂.γ-聚谷氨酸对番茄穴盘育苗基质矿质养分供应及幼苗生长发育的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(3):855-862.
[19]史文娟,梁嘉平,陶汪海,等.添加γ-聚谷氨酸减少土壤水分深层渗漏提高持水能力[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(23):94-100.
[20]汪家铭.聚γ-谷氨酸增效复合肥的发展与应用[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2010(2):20-24.
[21]Zhang L,Yang X,Gao D,et al.Effects of poly-γ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA) on plant growth and its distribution in a controlled plant-soil system[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7(1):6090.

备注/Memo

收稿日期：2019-01-21

基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2015ZX07204日002）。
第一作者简介：吉庆勋（1986-），男，硕士，农艺师，从事农业生物技术研究。E-mail:jqx1213@163.com。
通讯作者：乔传令（1953-），女，博士，研究员，从事环境生物学研究。E-mail:qiaocl@ioz.ac.cn。

更新日期/Last Update: 2019-07-09