SHEN Guang,WEI Dian-wen,ZENG Xiang-jun,et al.Effects of Plant Densities on Growth and Yield of Taraxacum kok-saghyz[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2017,(10):9-14.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2017.10.0009]
栽培密度对橡胶草生长和产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Plant Densities on Growth and Yield of Taraxacum kok-saghyz
- 文章编号:
- 1002-2767（2017）10-0009-06
- Keywords:
- rubber plants; total sugar concentration; rubber concentration; rubber yield; biomass; root/leaf ratio
- 分类号:
- S576;S359.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 橡胶草作为可替代橡胶树的优良天然橡胶资源之一，前景可见，为了促进橡胶草的应用，采用田间单因素试验设计，以俄罗斯的橡胶草优良品系K445为试验材料，分别研究了栽培密度15cm×15cm、20cm×20cm、25cm×25cm、30cm×30cm、35cm×35cm对一年生橡胶草地上与地下部位的影响。结果表明：当栽培密度为25cm×25cm时地上生物量最高。栽培密度也会显著影响橡胶草的橡胶含量，当栽培密度为20cm×20cm及35cm×35cm时，橡胶含量最大，达到了6.0%以上。单株地下生物量会随着栽培密度的减少而增加，最高达到8.9g，而当栽培密度大于20cm×20cm时单位面积地下生物量不再增加，最高为152.2g?m-2。当栽培密度为30cm×30cm时总糖含量最高，为46.8%。总糖产量与单位面积地下生物量表现一致，最高为64.8g?m-2。当栽培密度为20cm×20cm时，橡胶草单位面积橡胶产量最高，达到了9.4g?m-2，而当栽培密度为35cm×35cm时，橡胶草平均单株橡胶产量最高，为535.3mg。根叶比随着栽培密度的减小而增大，此时更多的生物量分配到地下部位。所以栽培密度35cm×35cm适合于橡胶草选种育种，而栽培密度20cm×20cm适合于橡胶草大面积生产。
- Abstract:
- Russian dandelion is one of the most promising natural rubber resources which may take the place of rubber tree,has a brhght future.Effects of plant densities(15 cm×15 cm,20 cm×20 cm,25 cm×25 cm,30 cm×30 cm,35 cm×35 cm) on growth of aboveground and underground parts and yield of Russian dandelion were analyzed by applying single-factor experimental design in a field and using elite cutivar-K445 introduced from Russia.the results showed that aboveground biomass was the highest when plant density for 25 cm×25 cm.Plant densities also affected rubber concent of Russian dandelion significantly.And rubber concent would get above 6.0% when plant densities for 20 cm×20 cm as well as 35 cm×35 cm.Underground biomass per plant increased with the decrease of plant density,and the highest reached 8.9 g.While underground biomass per unit area would not increase any more when plant density was over 20 cm×20 cm when it was 152.2 g?m-2.When plant density was 30 cm×30 cm，total sugar concent reached the highest point,namely 46.83%.Total sugar yield showed the same trend as underground biomass per unit area,the highest being 64.83 g?m-2.When plant density was 20 cm×20 cm,rubber yield per unit area got the highest point,namely 9.4 g?m-2.While plant density was 35 cm×35 cm,average rubber yield per plant was the highest,namely 535.3 mg.Rratio of root to leaf increased with the decrease of plant density,when more biomass were allocated to underground parts.Therefore,plant density,35 cm×35 cm,is suitable for selection and breeding of Russian dandelion,while plant density,20 cm×20 cm,is suitable for industrial production.
参考文献/References:
[1]Mooibroek H,Cornish K.Alternative sources of natural rubber[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2000,53(4): 355-365.
备注/Memo
收稿日期：2017-08-18