[1]魏 鹏.四种园林花卉苗期抗旱特征分析及抗旱能力评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2017,(04):66-71.[doi:10.11942/j.issn10022767.2017.04.0066]
　WEI Peng.Characteristics Analysis and Ability Evaluation of Droughtresistant of Four Garden Flowers at Seedling Stage[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2017,(04):66-71.[doi:10.11942/j.issn10022767.2017.04.0066]
点击复制

四种园林花卉苗期抗旱特征分析及抗旱能力评价

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2017年04期 页码: 66-71 栏目: 出版日期: 2017-04-10
Title:
Characteristics Analysis and Ability Evaluation of Droughtresistant of Four Garden Flowers at Seedling Stage
文章编号:
10022767（2017）04006606
作者:
魏 鹏
宁夏职业技术学院 生物与制药技术系/宁夏现代农业职业技能公共实训中心，宁夏 银川 750002
Author(s):
WEI Peng
Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology of Ningxia Polytechnic College，Ningxia Public Vocational Training Center for Modern Agriculture,Yinchuan，Ningxia 750002
关键词:
园林草本; WinRHIZO根系分析系统; 比叶重; 抗旱性; 隶属函数
Keywords:
garden herb;  WinRHIZO root analyzing system;  specific leaf weight;  droughtresistance;  membership function.
分类号:
Q94
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn10022767.2017.04.0066
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了促进园林花卉的科学养护，以4种北方园林草本花卉马蔺(Iris lactea Pall.var.Chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz) 、金娃娃萱草（Hemerocallis fulva cv.‘Golden Doll’）、美国石竹（Dianthus barbatus f.American）和荷兰菊（Aster novibelgii）为研究对象，通过室内条件下控制土壤相对含水量，研究3个不同土壤相对含水量水平下（正常含水（CK）、中度干旱（MS）、重度干旱（SS））4种园林花卉植物种苗生长过程中地上地下部分器官的抗旱特征，并采用隶属函数法评价这4种植物的抗旱能力。结果表明：（1）随着土壤相对含水量减少，马蔺的茎叶（含功能叶）和根系含水量均降低，根干重、根系长度均升高，根表面积随之升高；（2）金娃娃萱草在MS处理下根长、平均根直径、根表面积、根干重、根含水量、比叶重、茎叶干重、茎叶含水量均最高，表明金娃娃萱草苗期水分需求较低，根叶水分利用统一高效；（3）美国石竹根干重CK最高，MS与SS两处理差别不大，地上干重3种处理无明显差异。根含水与地上茎叶含水变化一致，先升高后降低，其它指标在不同水分处理下变化规律不明显；（4）荷兰菊在各土壤含水量处理下，根系生长变化与吸水特征不明显；（5）利用隶属函数综合评价4种植物抗旱能力的结果表明，金娃娃萱草的抗旱能力最强，马蔺和美国石竹次之，荷兰菊的抗旱能力较弱。
Abstract:
In order to promote the scientific maintenance of garden flowers,taking northern four garden herbflowers including Iris lactea Pall.var.Chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz,Hemerocallis fulvacv.‘Golden Doll’,Dianthus barbatus f.American,Aster novibelgii as experimental materials,set three drought levels including normal growth(CK),moderate drought(MS) and heavy drought(SS) by means of controlling the soil relative water content,droughtresistant features of four plants’ organs aboveground and underground at seedling stage were studied,the droughtresistant ability reciprocally was compared by membership function.The results showed that: (1)Along with the decrease of soil relative water content,the water content of shoot including functional leaf and root of Iris lactea Pall.var.Chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz decreased too.But the dry weight of root,the root length and the root surfarea rise oppositely.(2) The length of root,the root avgdiam,the root surfarea,the dry weight of root,the water content of root,the specific leaf weight,the dry weight of shoot and water content of shoot of Hemerocallis fulvacv.‘Golden Doll’ were the highest corresponding to MS treatment,it showed that the seedlings of ‘Golden Doll’ demand lower water with high efficiency on absorbing and using water between underground and aboveground organs.(3) The dry weight of root of Dianthus barbatus f.American of CK was highest,and only a litter change occurred between MS and SS.The dry weight of shoot had no significant difference among three treatments.The water content of root and the water content of shoot of Dianthus barbatus f.American rise and decrease successively,in addition,other measured characteristics of Dianthus barbatus f.American change unobviously and heterogeneously among different treatments.(4) The root growth and water absorption principles of Aster novibelgii were not obvious,characteristics vary more apart under different treatments.(5) The droughtresistant ability of four plants were evaluated comprehensively by membership function,the results indicated that the droughtresistant ability order,Hemerocallis fulva cv.‘Golden Doll’ was the most strong,Iris lacteaPall.var.Chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz and Dianthus barbatus f.American took second place,Aster novibelgiiwas relatively weak.

参考文献/References:

[1]龙海涛,李丽梅,谢泽虹,等.综合隶属函数法评价花生品种抗旱性与AhNCED1基因表达的关系[J].植物学报,2015,50(6):706-712.
[2]吴永美,吕炯章,王书建,等.植物抗旱生理生态特性研究进展[J].杂粮作物,2008,28(2):90-93.
[3]任菲,张荣佳,陈强,等.ABA和SA对于提高植物抗旱及抗盐性的研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2012(3):17-21.
[4]丁红,张智猛,戴良香,等.干旱胁迫对花生根系生长发育和生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(6):1586-1592.
[5]潘瑞炽.植物生理学[M].6版.北京:高等教育出版社,2008:144-145.
[6]Qi X S,Liu Z X,Guan R X,et al.Comparison of evaluation methods for droughtresistance at soybean adult stage[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2012,38(4):665-674.
[7]史晓霞,张国芳,孟林,等.马蔺叶片解剖结构特征与其抗旱性关系研究[J].植物研究,2008,28(5): 584-588.
[8]任建宏,艾海舰.土壤保水剂对荷兰菊幼苗在干旱胁迫下生长的影响[J].陕西农业科学,2003,62(1):6-7.
[9]莫裕辉.金娃娃萱草在园林中的栽培与应用[J].南方农业：园林花卉版,2011,10(4):79-80.
[10]邓毅书.美国石竹引种栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2008,40(8):165-166.
[11]王志泰,马瑞,马彦军,等.利用隶属函数法分析胡枝子抗旱性[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,27(9):119-123.
[12]李倩,方芳,于晶,等.根系分析仪在侧蒴藓类植物生理生态研究上的应用潜力[J].上海师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,41(5):528-532.
[13]蒋高明.植物生理生态学\[M\].北京:高等教育出版社,1994:142-143.
[14]郭慧,吕长平,郑智,等.园林植物抗旱性研究进展[J].安徽农学通报(上半月刊),2009(7):53-55.
[15]Lamb E G,Stewart A C,Cahill J F.Root system size determines plant performance following shortterm soil nutrient pulses[J].Plant Ecology,2012,213(11):1803-1812.
[16]张洁,高琛稀,宋春晖,等.干旱胁迫对不同苹果砧穗组合根系形态与生理特性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(12):92-99.
[17]桂毓,刘婷,杨静慧,等.不同树莓品种叶片解剖结构与抗旱性的关系[J].北方园艺,2016(21):36-40.
[18]韩占江,程龙,李志军.塔里木盆地10种藜科植物种子萌发对干旱胁迫的响应及其抗旱性评价[J].植物研究,2016(2):266-273.
[19]方增玉,段艳欣,赵庆柱,等.干旱胁迫对北美丁香生长和部分抗旱生理生化指标的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(22):92-96.
[20]李涛,王飞,卢艳,等.4种宿根花卉在自然失水胁迫下的生理变化与抗旱性关系[J].西北农业学报,2010(10):146-151.
[21]王瑛.5种园林植物的抗旱性比较研究[J].上海农业学报,2013(4):31-35.
[22]韩玉林,黄苏珍,孙桂弟.5种鸢尾属观赏地被植物的抗旱性研究[J].江苏农业科学,2007(2):79-82.
[23]魏鹏,张树杰,王敏,等.银川市区两种广植园林植物种子萌发期抗旱性比较[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015,39(11):107-110.

备注/Memo

收稿日期：2017-02-27基金项目：宁夏高等学校科学研究资助项目（NGY2014188）作者简介：魏鹏（1981-），男，宁夏回族自治区银川市人，硕士，讲师，从事植物生理生态学研究。E-mail:weipeng135@126.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2017-08-09