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　SONG Wen-bo,LIU Yuan-ying,LUO Sheng-guo,et al.Analysis on the Characteristics of Dry Matter Accumulationof Rice with High Yield in Cold Area[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(08):34-37.
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寒地高产水稻干物质积累特征分析

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2012年08 页码: 34-37 栏目: 出版日期: 2012-08-10
Title:
Analysis on the Characteristics of Dry Matter Accumulationof Rice with High Yield in Cold Area
文章编号:
1002-2767（2012）08-0029-05
作者:
宋文博1; 刘元英1; 罗胜国1; 彭显龙1; 马世学2; 胡金财2
1.东北农业大学 资源与环境学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030；
2.黑龙江建三江分局大兴农场，黑龙江 富锦 156303
Author(s):
SONG Wen-bo1; LIU Yuan-ying1; LUO Sheng-guo1; PENG Xian-long1; MA Shi-xue2; HU Jin-cai2
1.Resource and Environment College of Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030;
2.Daxing Farm of Jiansanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Land Reclamation,Fujin,Heilongjiang 156303
关键词:
寒地; 水稻; 产量; 干物质; 氮效率
Keywords:
cold area; rice; yield; dry matter; Nitrogen use efficiency
分类号:
S511
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
实现水稻稳定的高产，并提高氮效率是水稻生产的关键。在寒地采用穗数型品种空育131，通过优化管理模式，在小面积高产攻关(0.4 hm2)和大面积高产示范（13 hm2）条件下，探讨了实现水稻高产和氮高效的可能。结果表明：应用良好的管理技术，可稳定地实现水稻10.5 t·hm-2以上的产量。与常规水稻生产田相比，该技术主要是通过增加穗数和粒重而增产，同时其它产量构成因素不变。随着水稻产量的提高，水稻总干物重也显著提高。当产量由9.24 t·hm-2左右提高到10.5 t·hm-2时，水稻抽穗期干物重差异不大，主要是由于增加抽穗后干物质而增产，而当产量进一步增加到11.55 t·hm-2时，抽穗期和抽穗后的干物质同样需要提高。随着产量的提高，水稻抽穗后干物质积累所占比重有增加趋势。高产田通过降低氮素投入，提高氮肥偏生产力38%～68%。在适宜的密度条件下，应用以前氮后移技术为核心的综合管理技术，能在寒地水稻生产上实现稳定的高产和氮素高效。
Abstract:
It is the key of rice production that stable high yield combined with high nitrogen efficiency.Using panicle number variety (Kongyu131)in 2010,the possibility to improve the yield and nitrogen efficiency of irrigated rice in the field experiments by optimizing the management mode in northeast of China was studied.The results showed that it was able to get above 10.5 t·hm-2 yield by appropriate management mode in double sites.Compared to farmer’ crop management (FCM),increase of yield mainly depended on the increase of panicles number and 1 000-grain weight.With the increase of rice yield,the total dry matter weight was also increased.When the rice yield was increased from 9.24 t·hm-2 to 10.71 t·hm-2,the dry matter weight under different yield level was not clearly different at heading,and total dry weight difference mainly derived from the accumulation difference of after-heading.When the yield was increased to above 11.55 t·hm-2,the dry matter accumulation at the heading and after-heading were significantly improved.As the rice yield improved,the ratio of dry matter accumulation after heading to total dry weight was increased.The partial factor productivity (PFP)of N was increased by 38%~68% compared with FCM.The results suggested that the stable high yield combined high nitrogen use efficiency could be achieved by good crop management under the appropriate density conditions in cold area.

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：宋文博（1987-），男，甘肃省天水市人，在读硕士，从事作物养分管理及优化研究。E-mail:xyzsongwenbo@163.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2014-10-28