[1]孙 毅,杨 明,蒋正德,等.八五三农场玉米生产中存在的问题与对策[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011,(10):139-142.
　SUN Yi,YANG Ming,JIANG Zheng-de,et al.Problems and Countermeasures inMaize Production at 853 Farm[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2011,(10):139-142.
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八五三农场玉米生产中存在的问题与对策

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2011年10 页码: 139-142 栏目: 出版日期: 2011-10-10
Title:
Problems and Countermeasures inMaize Production at 853 Farm
文章编号:
1002-2767（2011）10-0139-04
作者:
孙 毅1; 杨 明1; 蒋正德1; 朱宝国2; 樊月玲1; 张宝宁3; 武叶叶1
1．中国科学院 沈阳应用生态研究所，辽宁 沈阳 110016；
2．黑龙江省农业科学院 佳木斯分院，黑龙江 佳木斯 154007；
3．八五三农场农业试验站，黑龙江 宝清 155630
Author(s):
SUN Yi1; YANG Ming1; JIANG Zheng-de1; ZHU Bao-guo2; FAN Yue-ling1; ZHANG Bao-ning3; WU Ye-ye1
1.Shenyang Applied Ecology Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110016;
2.Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154007;
3.Agricultural Experimental Station of 853 Farm,Baoqing,Heilongjiang 155630
关键词:
八五三农场; 玉米生产; 问题; 对策
Keywords:
853 farm; maize production; problems; countermeasures
分类号:
S513
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为了确保国家粮食安全，粮食总产量需要不断增加，而在增产中玉米的增产潜力最大，且玉米是八五三农场的主要农作物之一，因此，分析了八五三农场玉米生产中存在的问题，主要有：品种选用不当，生育期偏短；品种退化；种植密度偏高；品种过于单一，缺乏高产潜力品种；环保施肥欠缺，底肥中氮肥占比例过高，钾肥用量比例较低，总施肥量略显不足；基本不施农家肥；缺乏田间管理。并对此提出应选择耐密、半耐密高光效及稀植型高产品种；采用适当的种植密度；增施肥料，配方施肥；施用有机肥料促进玉米增产；采用种衣剂拌种等技术防治病虫害，加强田间管理；加强农业科技培训；建立玉米高产高效综合配套栽培技术模式进行推广等解决对策，为玉米增产提供理论指导。
Abstract:
For the sake of ensuring the safe production of grain in the country,it is need to continuously increase the total grain yield.while the yield increasing potentialities of maize is the biggest,and maize is one of the main crops at 853 farm,therefore，the problems existing in the 853farm were analyzed.They were:improper variety selection,short growth period;variety degeneration;higher planting density;lack of high yield potential varieties;lack of environmental protection fertilization,higher proportion of nitrogen,low proportion of potash,insufficient total fertilizer;little use of manure;lack of field management.According to the problems,the countermeasures were put forward to provide theoretical guidance for maize production.They were as follows:choosing variety with dense planting or half dense planting,high photosynthetic rate,sparse planting and high yield；adopting appropriate planting density；increasing applying fertilizers and formula fertilization；applying organic fertilizers to increase maize yield;using seed dressing to prevente and control diseases and insect pests,strengthening the field management;strengthening the agricultural science and technology training;establishing and extending synthetical cultivation technology mode of maize with high yield and high efficiency.

参考文献/References:

[1] 张永亮，史振声，李风海，等 . 稀植与密植型玉米品种对密度反应的差异[J]. 中国种业， 2008 （ 6 ） :30 - 32.

[2]孙毅，高玉山，朱知运，等.吉林省西部半干旱区增强玉米抗旱力及增产技术研究[J].干旱地区农业研究，2002,20(3):7-11.

[3]朱玉芹，岳玉兰.玉米秸秆还田培肥地力研究综述[J].玉米科学，2004,12(3):106-108.

[4]臧薪宇.提高我省玉米单产的几项措施[J].农村科学实验，2002（6）:9.


相似文献/References:

[1]孙茉莉,罗英辉,李桂琦,等.关于黑龙江省玉米生产合理布局的建议[J].黑龙江农业科学,2009,(06):52.[doi:10.11942/j.isn1002-2767.2009.06.0052]

备注/Memo

基金项目：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BADB3B07）

第一作者简介：孙毅（1964-），男，吉林省梨树县人，硕士，研究员，从事玉米高产栽培技术及盐碱土改良研究。E-mail:sunyi@iae.ac.cn。

更新日期/Last Update: 2014-11-01