GUO Tai,GUO Meiling,LI Candong,et al.Combination Scale, Variety Selection Probability and Parental Selection of Soybean Crossbreeding[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2024,(04):1-10.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2024.04.0001]
大豆杂交育种组合规模与品种选育概率及亲本选用研究
- Title:
- Combination Scale, Variety Selection Probability and Parental Selection of Soybean Crossbreeding
- 文章编号:
- 1
- Keywords:
- soybean cross breeding; combination size; probability of variety breeding; parental selection
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为指导当前与今后的大豆杂交育种工作，以黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院1952－2013年间杂交育种选用的有效亲本和配制的杂交组合及选育的新品种为研究对象，对116个有效亲本和5 610个杂交组合及110个品种进行深入系统地研究与分析。结果表明，杂交组合配制规模以每年150~200个为宜，选育品种概率为1.96%；亲本选择要依据育种理论、育种目标和遗传背景；亲本选用原则要坚持高起点、要考虑亲本血缘关系与遗传基础、亲本配合力（一般配合力和特殊配合力）及目标性状遗传特点；亲本使用要确定核心亲本（骨干亲本）与改良亲本，要采用梯级杂交、连续改造或回交转育、定向改良或一母多父，集中围攻或采用多亲本杂交聚合育种。
- Abstract:
- In order to guide the current and future cross-breeding work of soybean, 116 effective parents, 5 610 hybrid combinations and 110 varieties selected for cross-breeding in Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 1952 to 2013 were systematically studied and analyzed. The results showed that the optimum annual size of hybrid combinations was 150-200, and the predicted breeding probability was 1.96%. The selection of parents should be based on breeding theory, breeding goal and genetic background. The principle of parental selection should insist on improving the level, considering the parental consanguinity and genetic basis, considering the parental combining ability (general combining ability and special combining ability) and considering the genetic characteristics of target traits. The use of parents should determine the core parents (backbone parents) and improved parents, use step hybridization, continuous transformation, or backcross transfer, directional improvement, or one mother and multiple father, concentrated siege, or use multi-parent hybridization, polymerization breeding.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-02-07