LI Bowen,XIE Wei,WANG Ping,et al.Effects of Nitrogen Reduction Combined with Organic Manure Application on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Crop Yield[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2024,(06):25-30.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2024.06.0025]
减氮配施有机粪肥对土壤理化性质及玉米产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Nitrogen Reduction Combined with Organic Manure Application on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Crop Yield
- 文章编号:
- 5
- Keywords:
- animal manure; organic fertilizer; organic inorganic compound application; soil nutrient content
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为提高畜禽粪便等农业废弃物在农业生产过程中循环利用效率，改善土壤肥力，促进作物增产增收,于2022年春季在宝泉岭农场开展有机粪肥还田减施氮肥试验，设置生育期不施化肥（CK）、当地常规施肥（FFP）、优化施肥（OPT）、有机粪肥替代15%N（OPT-1）、有机粪肥替代30%N（OPT-2）5个处理，研究有机粪肥和减施氮肥对土壤理化性质和玉米产量的影响。结果表明，在拔节期，与常规施肥（FFP）相比，有机粪肥替代30%氮肥处理（OPT-2）土壤有机质和速效钾含量分别显著提高14.28%和6.71%，有机粪肥替代15%氮肥处理（OPT-1）土壤有机质和速效钾含量分别显著提高10.20%和11.32%；与优化施肥处理(OPT)相比，OPT-2处理土壤有机质含量显著提高7.63%，OPT-1处理土壤速效钾含量显著提高7.01%。在成熟期，与FFP处理相比，OPT-2处理土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效钾含量分别提高15.60%、9.64%和6.83%，玉米产量显著提高8.46%，OPT-1处理土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效钾含量分别显著提高10.33%、5.26%和10.62%，玉米产量显著提高5.14%；与OPT处理相比，OPT-2处理土壤有机质、碱解氮含量分别显著提高11.09%和8.93%，OPT-1处理土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效钾含量分别显著提高6.03%、4.57%和5.80%。综合分析，施用有机粪肥可以改善土壤理化性质，提高玉米产量，改善籽粒品质，其中，30%有机粪肥替代氮肥（OPT-2）施用效果最优。
- Abstract:
- In order to improve the recycling efficiency of livestock manure and other agricultural wastes in the process of agricultural production, improve soil fertility, and promote crop yield and income. A trial of organic manure returned to the field with reduced N fertiliser was carried out at Baoquanling Farm in the spring of 2022, with five treatments of no chemical fertiliser (CK), local conventional fertiliser (FFP), optimised fertiliser application (OPT), organic manure replacing 15% N (OPT-1), and organic manure replacing 30% N (OPT-2) at the reproductive stage, to study the effects of organic manure and reduced N fertiliser on soil physicochemical properties and maize yield. The results showed that at the nodulation stage, compared with the conventional fertiliser application (FFP), the soil organic matter and quick-acting potassium content of the organic manure replacing 30% N treatment (OPT-2) were significantly increased by 14.28% and 6.71%, respectively, and the soil organic matter and quick-acting potassium content of the organic manure replacing 15% N treatment (OPT-1) were significantly increased by 10.20% and 11.32%, respectively. Compared with the optimised fertilisation treatment (OPT), the soil organic matter content of the OPT-2 treatment was significantly increased by 7.63%, and the soil quick-acting potassium content of the OPT-1 treatment was significantly increased by 7.01%. At maturity, compared with the FFP treatment, the soil organic matter, alkaline dissolved nitrogen and quick-acting potassium contents of the OPT-2 treatment increased by 15.60%, 9.64% and 6.83%, respectively, and the maize yield increased significantly by 8.46%, while that of the OPT-1 treatment increased by 10.33%, 5.26% and 10.62%, respectively, and the maize yield increased significantly by 5.14%. Compared with OPT treatment, OPT-2 treatment soil organic matter and alkaline dissolved nitrogen content significantly increased by 11.09% and 8.93%, respectively, and OPT-1 treatment soil organic matter, alkaline dissolved nitrogen and quick-acting potassium content significantly increased by 6.03%, 4.57% and 5.80%, respectively. Comprehensive analysis, the application of organic manure can improve soil physicochemical properties, increase maize yield, and improve the quality of seeds, of which, 30% organic manure instead of nitrogen fertiliser (OPT-2) has the best application effect.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-03-16