WANG Shousong,HAN Wei.Optimization and Integrated Application of Localized Key Technologies for Protected Cultivation of Blueberries in Linshu County[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2026,(03):41-47.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2026.03.0041]
临沭县蓝莓设施栽培本地化关键技术优化与集成应用研究
- Title:
- Optimization and Integrated Application of Localized Key Technologies for Protected Cultivation of Blueberries in Linshu County
- 文章编号:
- 6
- Keywords:
- Linshu County; blueberry; protected cultivation; localized technology; substrate formula; environmental regulation; integrated application
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为破解临沭县蓝莓产业土壤有机质偏低、气候制约果实品质、栽培技术脱节及标准化程度低等核心痛点，2021-2023年在临沭县大兴镇蓝莓设施栽培示范基地开展田间试验。核心创新点为基于本地农业废弃物构建低成本基质配方，首创“反光膜增光+LED补光+外遮阳降温+滴灌控湿”四合一环境调控模式，精准适配鲁东南冬季寡照、夏季高温高湿的气候特征，打破外地技术照搬困境，提升技术本地化适配性与实用性。以奥尼尔等5个蓝莓品种为供试材料，采用单因素设计，系统开展基质配方优化、低成本环境调控、品种适配性筛选等关键技术研究，并集成构建本地化栽培技术规程。结果表明,优化出本地化率85%的最优基质配方（麦糠∶珍珠岩∶腐熟秸秆∶草炭=3∶1∶1∶1），较传统配方成本降低40%；苗木成活率提升至96.7%，产量增加28.9%；筛选出适配本地暖棚、冷棚及露地栽培的早中晚熟品种组合，使鲜果供应期从4月上旬延长至7月中旬，累计达105 d，较单一品种延长45 d；构建“反光膜增光+LED补光+外遮阳降温+滴灌控湿”四合一环境调控模式，夏季棚温控制在32 ℃以下，灰霉病发病率降至5%以下，较常规管理降低25%；确定各生育期精准水肥调控标准，核心生长期N∶P2O5∶K2O配比为2∶1∶1，水肥利用率提升30%以上。基于上述研究，集成制定涵盖园地规划、基质处理、水肥管理等七大关键环节的本地化技术规程，推广应用后暖棚平均增收8 000元·（667m2）-1，综合效益提升40%以上，同时年消纳农业废弃物超500 t，带动300余人就业，实现经济、社会与生态效益协同提升。未来可加强智能化、品种改良等研究，推动产业高质量发展。
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-11-28