HUANG Degang,WU Daxiu,YAN Hua,et al.Effects of Density on Traits and Yield of Different Maize Varieties[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2026,(01):8-16.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2026.01.0008]
密度对不同玉米品种性状与产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Density on Traits and Yield of Different Maize Varieties
- 文章编号:
- 2
- Keywords:
- planting density; maize varieties; yield components; agronomic traits
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为筛选黔西南地区适宜的耐密植玉米品种及最佳种植密度，解决当地耐密品种缺乏，种植密度偏低问题。以真玉8号、好玉4号、金玉579为供试品种，设置3 527株·(667 m2)-1（A1）、3 889株·(667 m2)-1(A2)、4 234株·(667 m2)-1（A3）、5 015株·(667 m2)-1（A4）4 个密度梯度，采用裂区设计探究密度对玉米农艺性状、产量及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明，随着种植密度的增加，产量、有效穗、株高、穗位高、倒折率、空秆率均上升；穗长、茎粗、穗行数、穗粒数、百粒重均下降；生育期无明显变化。相关性分析发现，密度与有效穗、倒折率、空秆率呈极显著正相关（P≤0.01），与穗位高呈显著正相关（P≤0.05），与穗长、茎粗呈极显著负相关；产量与有效穗呈显著正相关，与百粒重呈极显著负相关。A4密度处理平均产量最高［806.39 kg·(667 m2)-1］，较A1、A2、A3分别提高 7.41%、5.48%和3.47%；品种间比较，真玉8号产量极显著高于金玉579，其在A4密度下综合表现最佳，产量达844.39 kg·(667 m2)-1，且增产幅度达8.15%，耐密性优势突出。综上，真玉8号适配5 015株·(667 m2)-1种植密度可实现高产，建议作为黔西南地区主推耐密品种；生产中结合该密度与优化施肥、精准化控等措施，可规避高密度引发的倒伏、空秆风险，稳步提升玉米产量。
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-11-01