YU Hongjiu,LIU Fengman,LIU Jie,et al.Research Progress on Stable Mechanism and Improvement of Soda Saline Alkali Soil Aggregates[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2025,(09):94-99,118.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.09.0094]
苏打盐碱土团聚体稳定性机制及改良研究进展
- Title:
- Research Progress on Stable Mechanism and Improvement of Soda Saline Alkali Soil Aggregates
- 文章编号:
- 15
- Keywords:
- soda saline alkali soil; soil aggregates; formation; stable mechanism; improve
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 土壤团聚体作为土壤结构的基本构成单元，在优化土壤物理结构和增强碳固存功能方面发挥着关键作用。苏打盐碱土因呈现“两高一低”的典型特征——高盐基离子富集（以Na+优势为特征）、高交换性钠百分比（ESP）及低有机质含量，其团聚体的形成与稳定性受到显著抑制。通过多维度解析苏打盐碱土团聚体稳定性机制：（1）苏打盐碱胁迫对团聚结构的破坏机理；（2）生物因子（根系分泌物、微生物代谢产物等）对团聚体稳定性的调控机制；（3）基于物质-生物协同的团聚体稳定性提升策略。通过系统梳理发现，外源有机物料添加、保护性耕作、功能性微生物菌剂及秸秆还田等农业措施可显著改善团聚体的水稳性。当前研究尚存在3个关键薄弱环节：（1）有机质-团聚体-微生物耦合机制解析不足；（2）微域尺度下盐分迁移与胶结物质分布的互作关系不明；（3）长期改良措施对团聚体稳定性的时效性评价缺失。未来研究应着重构建多界面耦合模型，并建立苏打盐碱土改良措施的动态效应评估体系，从而为盐碱地生态修复提供创新性理论支撑。
- Abstract:
- Soil aggregates, as the fundamental units of soil structure, play a critical role in optimizing soil physical properties and enhancing carbon sequestration. Soda saline-alkali soils, characterized by the “two highs and one low” phenomenon-high enrichment of base cations (dominated by Na+), high exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and low organic matter content,exhibit significantly inhibited formation and stabilization mechanisms of aggregates. This study systematically investigated the stability mechanisms of aggregates in soda saline-alkali soils through a multi-dimensional analysis, (1) the destructive mechanisms of soda saline-alkali stress on aggregate structure. (2)The regulatory mechanism of biological factors (e.g., root exudates and microbial metabolites) on aggregate stability. (3)Strategies for enhancing aggregate stability based on material-biological synergism. A comprehensive review reveals that agricultural practices, such as exogenous organic material addition, conservation tillage, functional microbial inoculants, and straw returning, can significantly improve the water stability of aggregates. Current research still faces three key limitations, (1)insufficient understanding of the tripartite coupling mechanism among organic matter, aggregates, and microorganisms.(2)Unclear interactions between salt migration and cementing substance distribution at the microscale. (3)Lack of long-term evaluations on the temporal effects of amelioration measures. Future studies should focus on constructing multi-interface coupling models and establishing dynamic effect assessment systems for saline-alkali soil remediation, thereby providing innovative theoretical support for ecological restoration in saline-alkali lands.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-06-01