LI Hao,GAO Xu,ZHU Shuaizhen,et al.Comparative Analysis of Fruit Quality and Identification of Resistance in Hybrid Combinations of Oriental Melons[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2025,(09):68-74.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.09.0068]
薄皮甜瓜杂交组合果实品质比较分析及抗枯萎病鉴定
- Title:
- Comparative Analysis of Fruit Quality and Identification of Resistance in Hybrid Combinations of Oriental Melons
- 文章编号:
- 11
- Keywords:
- oriental melon; hybridized combination; fruit quality; Fusarium wilt
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了筛选抗病优质薄皮甜瓜杂交新品种，采用薄皮甜瓜15个杂交组合为试验材料，通过苗期接种甜瓜枯萎病病原菌，鉴定其抗病能力，并测定成熟果实的品质。结果表明,供试的15个薄皮甜瓜杂交组合中，果形指数范围在1.01~3.08之间；其中，JT57和JT58的果形指数分别为3.08和2.85，呈棒形；其余组合的果形指数多在1.10左右，果实呈梨形或短椭圆形。品质分析表明，杂交组合的瓜瓤可溶性固形物（SSC）含量高于果肉，JT27、JT28、JT45、JT51、JT59和JT60的果肉可溶性固形物(SSC)含量较高，均超过14.00%，最高达到14.60%；而JT56果肉的可溶性糖含量最低，仅为4.6%。此外，JT28、JT41、JT45、JT46、JT51、JT57和JT58的果肉维生素C含量较高，达到31.177~39.110 mg·(100 g)-1；JT53和JT56果肉的维生素C含量较低，范围为21.277和22.890 mg·(100 g)-1。通过感官评价得出，JT51、JT60、JT59、JT46和JT45的综合得分较高，口感较好，评分在4.87~5.24之间。枯萎病抗性分析显示JT51、JT46、JT45、JT60和JT59的发病率较低，均低于20%；病情指数也处于较低水平，在25.00~36.70之间；根据接种后10 d的病情指数划分抗性等级，得出抗性品种包括JT60、JT45、JT46和JT51，具备较高的推广潜力。
- Abstract:
- In order to screen new hybrid varieties of disease-resistant and high-quality oriental melons, 15 hybrid combinations of oriental melons were used as experimental materials in this study. By inoculating the pathogen of Fusarium wilt during the seedling stage, the disease resistance was identified, and the quality of mature fruits was determined. The results showed that the fruit shape index ranged from 1.01 to 3.08 among the 15 hybrid combinations of oriental melon tested. Thereinto, the fruit shape indices of JT57 and JT58 were 3.08 and 2.85 respectively, presenting a stick shape. The fruit shape index of the remaining combinations was mostly around 1.10, and the fruits were pear-shaped or short elliptical. Quality analysis indicated that the content of soluble solids (SSC) in the pulp of the hybrid combination was higher than that in the flesh. The contents of soluble solid (SSC) in the pulp of JT27, JT28, JT45, JT51, JT59 and JT60 were relatively high, all exceeding 14.00%, with the highest reaching 14.60%. The soluble sugar content of the flesh of JT56 was the lowest, only 4.6%. In addition, the flesh vitamin C contents of JT28, JT41, JT45, JT46, JT51, JT57 and JT58 were relatively high, peaking 31.177 to 39.110 mg·(100 g)-1. The vitamin C content in the flesh of JT53 and JT56 was relatively low, ranging from 21.277 to 22.890 mg·(100 g)-1. Based on sensory evaluation, JT51, JT60, JT59, JT46 and JT45 have relatively high comprehensive scores and good taste, with scores ranging from 4.87 to 5.24. Resistance analysis of wilt disease showed that the incidence rates of JT51, JT46, JT45, JT60 and JT59 were relatively low, all below 20%. The disease index was also at a relatively low level, ranging from 25.00 to 36.70. The resistance grades were classified based on the disease index at 10 days after vaccination, suggesting that the resistant varieties include JT60, JT45, JT46 and JT51, and these hybrid combinations have high potential for promotion.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-04-18