SHU Yu,KONG Wenhui,WANG Yuting.Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Germplasm Resources of Acer ginnala in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2025,(05):67-77.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.05.0067]
黑龙江省茶条槭种质资源表型多样性分析
- Title:
- Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Germplasm Resources of Acer ginnala in Heilongjiang Province
- 文章编号:
- 10
- Keywords:
- Acer ginnala; phenotypic traits; genetic diversity; geographic gradient effect; Heilongjiang Province
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为促进黑龙江省茶条槭种质资源选育、种质创新、遗传改良及种质资源的保护，根据黑龙江省茶条槭分布情况，选取了20个居群对其表性变异幅度、表型性状的分化情况、表性遗传多样性及各性状之间的相互关系展开研究。结果表明，各个表型性状的平均变异系数从大到小的顺序为叶柄长宽比（38.73%）、叶柄宽（29.49%）、叶片长比叶柄长（21.62%）、左侧角（20.55%）、叶柄基部宽（19.99%）、叶脉数（19.29%）、叶柄长（17.83%）、果厚（15.74%）、叶片长宽比（15.63）、翅果长宽比（15.14%）、 叶片宽（12.98%）、叶片长（12.42%）、叶长（10.37%）、翅果长（10.25%）、翅果宽（9.65%）、果宽（8.83%）、种子长（7.32%）、果长（7.15%）、种子宽（6.67%）、着生痕（6.49%）、种子厚（6.43%）、翅果连接角（6.35%），叶片性状的平均变异系数为19.90%，翅果性状的变异系数为9.95%，种子性状为6.81%。其表型特征与地理位置密切相关，随纬度、经度和海拔的变化，叶片的形态特征表现出显著的地理梯度效应。表型多样性的变异大多发生在居群间，表型多样性较高的居群分布在高纬度地区。孙吴、嫩江和沾河居群变异系数最大，分别为16.91%、16.31%和15.83%。建议将孙吴、嫩江和沾河居群作为重点保护居群。
- Abstract:
- In order to promote the breeding, germplasm innovation, genetic improvement, and protection of germplasm resources of Acer ginnala in Heilongjiang Province, based on the distribution of A. ginnala in Heilongjiang Province, 20 populations were selected for research on their phenotypic variation amplitude, phenotypic trait differentiation, epigenetic genetic diversity, and the interrelationships between various traits. The results showed that the mean coefficients of variation for the phenotypic traits in descending order was petiole length/width (38.73%), petiole width (29.49%), leaf length/petiole length (21.62%), left side angle (20.55%), petiole base width (19.99%), number of leaf veins (19.29%), petiole length (17.83%), fruit thickness (15.74%), leaf length/width (15.63%), samara length/width (15.14%), leaf width (12.98%), leaf length (12.42%), leaf blade length (10.37%), samara length (10.25%), samara width (9.65%), fruit width (8.83%), seed length (7.32%), fruit length (7.15%), seed width (6.67%), hilum (6.49%), seed thickness (6.43%), and samara connection angle (6.35%). The average coefficient of variation for leaf traits was 19.90%, for samara traits was 9.95%, and for seed traits was 6.81%. The results indicated that phenotypic traits were closely related to geographic location. Significant geographic gradient effects on leaf morphological traits were observed with changes in latitude, longitude, and altitude. Most of the phenotypic diversity occurred between populations, with populations exhibiting higher phenotypic diversity found in higher latitudes. The populations from Sunwu, Nenjiang, and Zhanhe showed the largest coefficient of variation, at 16.91%, 16.31%, and 15.83%, respectively. It is recommended that the Sunwu, Nenjiang, and Zhanhe populations be prioritized for conservation.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-02-27