[1]王巍琦,杨海昌,王卫超,等.新疆绿洲盐渍化区域土壤质量评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2018,(05):26-30.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2018.05.0026]
　WANG Wei-qi,YANG Hai-chang,WANG Wei-chao,et al.Soil Quality Evaluation of Salinization in Xinjiang Oasis[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2018,(05):26-30.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2018.05.0026]
点击复制

新疆绿洲盐渍化区域土壤质量评价

《黑龙江农业科学》[ISSN:1002-2767/CN:23-1204/S] 卷: 期数: 2018年05期 页码: 26-30 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-05-10
Title:
Soil Quality Evaluation of Salinization in Xinjiang Oasis
作者:
王巍琦; 杨海昌; 王卫超; 张凤华
石河子大学/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室，新疆 石河子 832003
Author(s):
WANG Wei-qi; YANG Hai-chang; WANG Wei-chao; ZHANG Feng-hua
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Bingtuan,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China
关键词:
石河子垦区; 土壤质量; 土壤养分; 盐碱化
Keywords:
Shihezi reclamation area;  soil quality;  soil nutrients;  soil salinization
DOI:
10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2018.05.0026
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
玛纳斯河流域作为新疆最大的绿洲农耕区，近年来随着农业用地开发强度加大，水资源不合理利用等因素使土壤盐渍化和土壤退化问题逐渐显现，从而带来一系列生态环境问题并制约着农业生产和社会经济发展。以石河子垦区为研究区域，针对区域内存在的土壤盐渍化问题等土壤质量问题，选取土壤养分、土壤质地及盐碱化程度为评价指标，利用层次分析法对垦区土壤质量做出综合评价。结果表明：根据综合评价结果可以将区域土壤质量划分为4个等级，其中一级地质量最好且占总面积的14.92%，二至四级分别占比23.14%、36.54%、25.40%。垦区内土壤质量总体偏低，土壤养分亏缺严重，且异质性较大。土壤普遍呈微碱化，小部分区域遭受到盐碱危害,大部分区域受到潜在盐碱化威胁，土壤质量有待进一步提高。应通过多种措施相结合，因地制宜地制定科学合理的措施以减轻盐碱化，提高土壤肥力，增强农业生态系统稳定性，保障绿洲区农业可持续发展和土壤生态安全。
Abstract:
Manasi River Basin is the largest cropping region in Xinjiang.Recently,the irrational use of land and water resources has caused secondary salinization of farmland,which has brought about a series of ecological and environmental problems and restricted agricultural production and socio-economic development.To address this question,according to exiting soil quality problems such as soil salinization in Shihezi region,we selected the soil nutrients,soil texture,and salinization degree as evaluation indicators comprehensively evaluate soil quality by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP).The results indicated that soil quality in the study area could be divided into four grades as follows,the first grade is the best quality and accounts for 14.92% of the total area,the second to fourth grades account for 23.14%,36.54% and 25.40% respectively.Together,soil quality in reclamation area is generally low,soil nutrient deficiency is serious,and the heterogeneity is much larger.The soil is generally slightly alkalized,a small part of the area is endangered by salt and alkali,most of the area is threatened by potential salinization,and soil quality needs to be further improved.Therefore,we should combine a variety of measures,take scientific and rational measures to reduce salinity based on local conditions,improve soil fertility and enhance the stability of agricultural ecosystems as well as ensure sustainable development of agriculture and soil ecological security in this area.

参考文献/References:

[1]张嘉宁.黄土高原典型土地利用类型的土壤质量评价研究[D].杨凌：西北农林科技大学,2015.
[2]李夏,乔木,周生斌.1985-2014年新疆玛纳斯灌区土壤盐渍化时空变化及成因[J].水土保持通报,2016(3):152-158.
[3]杨发相.新疆玛纳斯河流域的土地利用与退化问题[J].新疆环境保护,2002(1):8-12.
[4]桂东伟,雷加强,曾凡江,等.绿洲化进程中不同利用强度农田对土壤质量的影响[J].生态学报,2010(7):1780-1788.
[5]张心昱,陈利顶.土壤质量评价指标体系与评价方法研究进展与展望[J].水土保持研究,2006(3):30-34.
[6]杨海昌,张凤华,王东方,等.近60年玛河流域绿洲蒸散量变化趋势及其影响因素分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014(7):18-23.
[7]赖先齐,刘建国,张凤华,等.玛纳斯河流域绿洲农业弃耕地生态重建的研究[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2004(1):27-31.
[8]张凤华,潘旭东,李玉义.新疆玛河流域绿洲农田开垦后土壤环境演变分析[J].中国农业科学,2006(2):331-336.
[9]田长彦,周宏飞,刘国庆.21世纪新疆土壤盐渍化调控与农业持续发展研究建议[J].干旱区地理,2000(2):177-181.
[10]李玉芳,郑旭荣,柏俊华,等.玛纳斯河流域生态环境质量评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008(10):115-120.
[11]程钢.石河子垦区农业开发与绿洲生态演变研究[D].石河子：石河子大学,2013.
[12]王海江.玛纳斯河流域土壤盐渍化过程和格局特征及盐渍土改良模式探讨[D].北京：中国农业大学,2014.
[13]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京：中国农业出版社,2013.
[14]朱楚馨,张建杰,王晋民,等.大同盆地盐碱荒地开发利用适宜性评价[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015(3):311-317.
[15]吕真真,刘广明,杨劲松,等.黄河三角洲滨海盐渍土区土壤质量综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015(6):93-97.
[16]陈浩,杨达源,金晓斌.石河子垦区耕地土壤污染问题分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013(2):186-192.
[17]谷海斌,盛建东,武红旗,等.灌区尺度土壤盐渍化调查与评价——以石河子灌区和玛纳斯灌区为例[J].新疆农业大学学报,2010(2):95-100.
[18]樊自立,马英杰,马映军.中国西部地区耕地土壤盐渍化评估及发展趋势预测[J].干旱区地理,2002(2):97-102.
[19]潘旭东,杨乐,张凤华,等.玛纳斯河流域次生盐渍化弃耕地全面生态重建的新理念[J].新疆农业科学,2004(6):431-434.
[20]田长彦,买文选,赵振勇.新疆干旱区盐碱地生态治理关键技术研究[J].生态学报,2016(22):7064-7068.

相似文献/References:

[1]冯 露,盖艾鸿,刘永志.土地复垦项目后评价时点界定研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011,(06):45.
　FENG Lu,GAI Ai-hong,LIU Yong-zhi.Study on Determined Time Point of Land Reclamation Project Post Evaluation[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2011,(05):45.
[2]蒋炳伸,宋 丽,李鸿雁,等.驻马店市高新开发区园林绿地土壤质量现状调查及评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2011,(09):22.
　JIANG Bing-shen,SONG Li,LI Hong-yan,et al.Survey and Evaluation on Greenland Soil Qualityof High-tech Development Zone in Zhumadian City[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2011,(05):22.
[3]蒙静,武东波,姚英,等.连作对土壤质量和植株生长影响的研究现状[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(09):131.
　MENG Jing,WU Dong-bo,YAO Ying,et al.Research Progress of the Effect on Continuous Cropping of Greenhouse Soil Quality and Crop Growth[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(05):131.
[4]姚英,蒙静,武东波,等.轮间套作对土壤质量和作物生长影响的研究现状[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(10):130.
　YAO Ying,MENG Jing,WU Dong-bo,et al.Research Progress of the Effect of Crop Rotation, Intercropping and Relay Intercropping on Soil Quality and Crop Growth[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2013,(05):130.
[5]许军林.四川露地蔬菜种植区土壤生态保护措施研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015,(01):40.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.01.004]
　XU Jun-lin.Study on Protection Measures of Soil Ecosystem of Open-field Vegetable Areas in Sichuan Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2015,(05):40.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2015.01.004]
[6]姜辉,王粟,史风梅,等.黑龙江省水稻土壤污染现状分析与评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016,(04):31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.04.0031]
　JIANG Hui,WANG Su,SHI Feng-mei,et al.Investigation and Evaluation of Paddy Soil Quality in Heilongjiang Province[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2016,(05):31.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2016.04.0031]
[7]匡恩俊,张久明,姬景红,等.黑土地利用现状、存在问题及保护策略[J].黑龙江农业科学,2023,(12):92.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.12.0092]
　KUANG Enjun,ZHANG Jiuming,JI Jinghong,et al.Current Situation， Existing Problems and Protection Strategies of Black Land Utilization[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2023,(05):92.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2023.12.0092]

备注/Memo

收稿日期：2018-02-05基金项目：国家重点研发资助项目（2016YFC0501406）；兵团科技攻关与研究成果转化资助项目（2016AD022）。第一作者介绍：王巍琦（1993-），男，在读硕士，从事土壤环境与生态安全研究。E-mail：812105845@qq.com。通讯作者：张凤华（1970-），女，博士，教授，博导，从事干旱区土壤环境与生态安全研究。E-mail：zfh2000@126.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2018-08-02