TIAN Huali,LIU Yan,WANG Xin,et al.Regulatory Effects of Interaction Between Planting Density and Variety on Agronomic Traits and Yield of 14 Maize Varieties[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2026,(07):6-19.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2026.07.0006]
种植密度与品种互作对14个玉米品种农艺性状及产量的调控
- Title:
- Regulatory Effects of Interaction Between Planting Density and Variety on Agronomic Traits and Yield of 14 Maize Varieties
- 文章编号:
- 2
- Keywords:
- maize; planting density; variety; agronomic trait; yield
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为明确南阳地区夏玉米“因种定密”的合理配置方案,探究种植密度与品种互作对玉米农艺性状、穗部性状及产量的调控机制,促进黄淮海夏玉米高产优质栽培,2022-2023年以14个玉米品种为供试材料,在南阳地区设置两年裂区试验,以种植密度(6.00万,7.50万和8.25万株·hm-2为主区,品种为副区,系统测定玉米生育期、农艺性状、穗部性状及产量,采用方差分析、相关性分析、回归分析等方法解析试验数据。结果表明,种植密度、品种及二者互作对玉米多数农艺性状、穗部性状及产量均存在显著影响;14个玉米品种对密度的响应存在明显差异,可分为低密度适宜型、中密度适宜型和高密度适宜型3类;高密度适宜型包括良玉99、豫单976等,在8.25万株·hm-2密度下产量最高,性状稳定且无显著倒伏风险;中密度适宜型包括沃玉3号、中科玉505等,在7.50万株·hm-2密度下产量最优,高密度下则产量明显降低;低密度适宜型包括迪卡653、郑单958等,仅在6.00万株·hm-2密度下能发挥单株优势。穗位比与倒伏率呈显著正相关,且穗位比抗倒阈值为0.4;两年试验中,不同品种的最适种植密度存在差异,部分品种在中密度条件下实现产量最优。百粒重是两年间稳定影响产量的核心性状,穗长、穗粗与产量的相关性受年份气候影响显著。综上,玉米品种与种植密度的互作效应显著,不同类型玉米品种需匹配适宜的种植密度才能实现高产抗倒;筛选出的玉米品种最适密度配置方案,可直接应用于南阳地区夏玉米生产,黄淮海南部生态相似区域可借鉴并适当微调。
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2026-01-28 基金项目:河南金粮玉米品种试验联合体。 第一作者:田花丽(1984—),女,硕士,助理研究员,从事作物分子育种研究。E-mail:hualitian0@163.com。 通信作者:刘焱(1967—),男,学士,研究员,从事玉米遗传育种研究。E-mail:nysesame@126.com。
