TIAN Yixin,GAO Fengju,ZHU Guanxiong,et al.Effects of Controlled-Release Fertilizer on Soybean Agronomic Characters, Yield and Fertilizer Agronomic Efficiency in Huang-Huai-Hai Region[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2025,(06):34-41.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.06.0034]
控释肥对黄淮海不同夏大豆品种农艺性状、产量及肥料农学效率的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Controlled-Release Fertilizer on Soybean Agronomic Characters, Yield and Fertilizer Agronomic Efficiency in Huang-Huai-Hai Region
- 文章编号:
- 6
- Keywords:
- controlled-release fertilizer; soybeans; agronomic traits; yield; fertilizer agronomic efficiency
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为促进控释肥在大豆上的应用，进一步提升黄淮海大豆单产，以齐黄34、菏豆28、菏豆38、丰豆6号为供试大豆品种，研究不施肥（CK）、控释肥（T1：150 kg·hm-2、T2：225 kg·hm-2、T3：300 kg·hm-2）共4个处理对夏大豆农艺性状、干物质积累、产量及构成因子、肥料贡献率（FCR）及肥料农学效率（FAE）的影响。结果表明，与不施肥（CK）相比，T1~T3控释肥处理均改善了各大豆农艺性状，提高了大豆干物质积累和产量，T3处理下大豆产量和FCR均最高，比CK增产22.14%~28.74%，FCR较高，达18.13%~22.33%。菏豆28与菏豆38 的T3与T2处理产量差异不显著， 且两品种的FAE在T2处理时最高（分别为2.49和2.03 kg·kg-1），大豆产量构成因素PCA分析聚集性最好。考虑降低肥料成本，适宜采用的控释肥施用量为225 kg·hm-2（T2）。齐黄34和丰豆6号在T3处理时FAE最高（分别为2.94和2.66 kg·kg-1），PCA分析得出二者组间相似度最高，因此300 kg·hm-2可作为适宜施肥量。综上，控释肥可显著优化大豆植株农艺性状，并能有效增加和协调大豆各器官干物质的积累及分配，提高大豆单株粒数和百粒重，最终提高大豆产量。
- Abstract:
- In order to promote the application of controlled-release fertilizer on soybean and further improve the yield of soybean per unit area in Huang-Huai-Hai Region.The soybean varieties Qihuang 34, Hedou 28, Hedou 38 and Fengdou 6 were used in the experiment. Four treatments were set up with no fertilization (CK) and controlled release fertilizer (T1:150 kg·ha-1, T2:225 kg·ha-1, T3:300 kg·ha-1), the effects of four treatments on agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, yield and yield components, fertilizer contribution rate (FCR) and fertilizer agronomic efficiency (FAE) of summer soybean were studied. Compared with no fertilizer (CK), T1-T3 controlled release fertilizer treatment improved the agronomic traits of soybean and increased the dry matter accumulation and yield of soybean. The soybean yield and FCR under T3 treatment were the highest, and the yield was 22.14%-28.74% higher than CK, and the FCR was 18.13%-22.33%. There was no significant difference in T3 and T2 yields between Hedou 28 and Hedou 38, and FAE was the highest in T2 treatment (2.49 kg·kg-1and 2.03 kg·kg-1, respectively), PCA analysis of soybean yield components showed the best aggregation. Considering the reduction of fertilizer cost, 225 kg·ha-1(T2) was the suitable application amount of controlled release fertilizer. Qihuang 34 and Fengdou 6 had the highest FAE in T3 treatment (2.94 kg·kg-1 and 2.66 kg·kg-1, respectively), and the similarity between groups was the highest under PCA analysis.So 300 kg·ha-1could be used as the suitable fertilizer dosage. In conclusion, controlled release fertilizer can significantly optimize the agronomic traits of soybean plants, effectively increase and coordinate the accumulation and distribution of dry matter in various organs of soybean, increase the number of grains per plant and 100-seed weight of soybean, and ultimately increase soybean yield.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-03-13