REN Zichao,GOU Fengzhi,LIN Kun,et al.Analysis of Yield Characters and Yield Stability of Hemai Series Wheat Varieties[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2025,(06):22-29.[doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.06.0022]
菏麦系列小麦品种产量性状及其稳定性分析
- Title:
- Analysis of Yield Characters and Yield Stability of Hemai Series Wheat Varieties
- 文章编号:
- 4
- Keywords:
- Hemai series; yield; stability analysis; climate factors
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了探究菏泽市小麦主产区气候变化特征并筛选与之应对的高产稳产小麦品种，利用方差分析、相关性分析及AMMI模型，在2020－2023年小麦全生育期（9月上旬至翌年6月下旬）的降水量、平均气温和最低气温数据基础上，结合10个小麦品种的产量及产量相关性状数据，分析年际间气候差异对小麦产量影响和菏麦系列品种产量差异性、稳定性。结果表明，2021－2022年播前受秋汛影响小麦播期较晚，但灌浆期适宜气候条件使小麦产量显著提升，出现晚播丰产；2022－2023年由于小麦灌浆中后期降水较多，严重影响籽粒发育，灌浆进程，部分品种出现穗发芽现象，导致产量最低。菏麦29小麦3年平均产量最高，为9 795.15 kg·hm-2，连续3年较对照济麦22分别增产9.35%、17.92%和17.83%，且增产显著；其次为菏麦23，3年平均产量为9 295.55 kg·hm-2。AMMI模型图显示，菏麦20、菏麦21、菏麦22、菏麦23、 菏麦25和菏麦29的产量稳定性相对较好。综合以上分析，菏麦29和菏麦23具有良好的丰产性和稳产性，适宜在当地作为主推品种应用种植。
- Abstract:
- The good adaptability and stability of the variety to the environment are the basis for the formation of yield, and also an important index to evaluate the quality of the variety. In order to explore the characteristics of climate change in the main wheat producing areas of Heze City and to screen the wheat varieties with high and stable yield to cope with it, the analysis of variance, correlation analysis and AMMI model were used to analyze the precipitation, average temperature and minimum temperature data of wheat during the whole growth period (early September to late June of the next year) from 2020 to 2023. Based on the yield and yield-related traits data of 10 wheat varieties, the effects of interannual climate difference on wheat yield and yield difference and stability of hemai series varieties were analyzed. The results showed that the sowing date of wheat was late due to the autumn flood before 2021－2022 sowing, but the suitable climate conditions at the filling stage made the wheat yield significantly increase and the late sowing yield appeared. From 2022 to 2023, due to the high rainfall in the middle and late stages of wheat filling, the grain development and filling process were seriously affected, and some varieties appeared ear germination, resulting in the lowest yield. The 3-year average yield of Hemai 29 was the highest, which was 9 795.15 kg·ha-1, and the yield increased significantly by 9.35%, 17.92% and 17.83%, respectively, compared with the control Jimai 22 for three consecutive years. It was followed by Hemai 23, which was 9 295.55 kg·ha-1. The AMMI model showed that the yield stability of Hemai 20, Hemai 21, Hemai 22, Hemai 23, Hemai 25 and Hemai 29 were relatively good. Based on the above analysis, Hemai 29 and Hemai 23 have good yield and stability, and are suitable for planting as the main varieties in the local area.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2025-03-19