ZHANG Shu-quan,ZHANG Shi-huang,CHEN Xin-ping,et al.Enlightenment of the Scientific Research and Production Practiceof Maize in America to Heilongjiang Maize Development[J].HEILONGJIANG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,2012,(02):131-134.
美国玉米科研生产实践对黑龙江玉米发展的启示
- Title:
- Enlightenment of the Scientific Research and Production Practiceof Maize in America to Heilongjiang Maize Development
- 文章编号:
- 1002-2767（2012）02-0131-04
- Keywords:
- America; maize; production; scientific research; extension; enlightenment
- 分类号:
- S513
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 美国是世界上玉米种植面积及产量最多的国家，在玉米的生产、科研及推广等方面的研究都非常的先进和科学，学习借鉴他们的先进技术和经验，对指导中国玉米生产，特别是黑龙江玉米生产具有重要的现实意义。通过对美国中部大平原Iowa和Nebraska玉米的种植、科研和推广等方面的考察与交流，归纳出美国玉米生产情况是：美国玉米耕作与栽培体系更科学，农艺农机结合更紧密，应用综合抗性强的转基因玉米品种和科学合理的肥水管理等，同时，全面向智能化方向发展和提升。从中得出对我国农业及玉米种植的启示是：农机与农艺结合要切合实际，加大保护性耕作推广力度和中低产田改造，培肥地力增加土壤有机质，开展精准农业研究并运用于实践指导生产，加强转基因技术、节水增效技术研发与应用，推动黑龙江土地规模经营，加强农民培训以提高素质，加强对玉米增产潜力和实际产量差异影响因素研究。
- Abstract:
- The United States maize planting area and yield are the most in the world, whose researches on production, scientific research and extension are all advanced and scientific. Learning from their advanced technology and experience has will great practical significance for guiding Chinas maize production, especially for Heilongjiang maize production.Through an on-the-spot investigation on maize planting, scientific research and extension in Iowa and Nebraska, it concluded the United States maize production was: maize farming and cultivation system were more science, agronomy combined with farm machinery closer, using comprehensive transgenic maize varieties, scientific and reasonable fertilizer management, at the same time, a comprehensive intelligent direction to develop and enhance. So the enlightenment to China maize production were: agricultural machinery and agronomy should combine to meet actual; should promote protective farming efforts and reform of low yield field, culture fertilizer to increase soil organic matter; should carry out precision agricultural research and apply in practice to guide production; should strengthen research and application of transgenic technology, water-saving and benefit increasing technology; should promote Heilongjiang land scale operating, strengthen farmers training to improve quality; should strengthen researches on differences of maize yield potential and actual yield.
参考文献/References:
[1]宋锡章，张宝石.美国玉米种质的利用与改良[J].玉米科学，2007,15（2）：44-48. [2]Patricio Grassini,Yang Haishun,suat Irmak,et al.High-yield irrigated maize in the western U.S.Corn Belt:Ⅱ Irrigation management and crop water productivity[J].Field Crops Res.，2011,120:133-141. [3]Patricio Grassini,John Thorburn,Charles Burr,et al.High-yield irrigated maize in the Western U.S.corn Belt:Ⅰ.on-farm yield,yield potential,and impact of agronomic practices.[J].Field Crops Res.，2011,120:142-150.
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备注/Memo
基金项目：国家玉米现代产业技术体系专项资助项目（CARS-02）